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. 2023 Feb 22;18:1007–1029. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S400610

Table 1.

Type and Level of Experimental Parameters and the Critical Quality Attribute Used in 2k Factorial Design

Independent Variables Level
Low High
BM concentration, % (w/v), (X1) 2 7
Surfactant concentration, % (w/v), (X2) 5 10
Homogenization speed, rpm (X3) 11,000 16,000
Homogenization time, min (X4) 1 3
Sonication amplitude, % (X5) 35 80
Sonication time, min (X6) 1 5
Dependent variables Constraints
PS, nm (Y1) Minimize
PDI, (Y2) Minimize