Table 1.
The retained studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Author (Year) | Country | Title | Study type (Experimental/ Simulation) |
Building type | Studied parameters | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Szekeres et al. (2022) | Hungary | Investigation of Ventilation Systems to Improve Air Quality in the Occupied Zone in Office Buildings | Experimental | Office building | Temperature, Relative Humidity, Air Velocity, Draught rating | (21) |
| Afshari et al. (2021) | Denmark | Ventilation System Design and the Coronavirus (COVID-19) | Experimental | Office building | CO2, ventilation rate, pressue (Pa) | (22) |
| Nafchi et al. (2021) | USA | Room HVAC Influences on the Removal of Airborne Particulate Matter: Implications for School Reopening during the COVID-19 Pandemic | Experimental | Educational Building | Particle concentration, Air change per hour, filtration, and surface deposition | (23) |
| Weng and Kau (2021) | China |
Planning and Design of a Full-Outer-Air-Intake Natural Air-Conditioning System for Medical Negative Pressure Isolation Wards |
Experimental | Hospital room | Sensible heat exchange efficiency (ηs) and air change rate (N) | (24) |
| Ren et al. (2022) | China | Ventilation Strategies for Mitigation of Infection Disease Transmission in an Indoor Environment: A Case Study in Office | Simulation | Office building |
Pollutant concentration, Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI) |
(25) |
| Stabile et al. (2021) | Italy | Ventilation procedures to minimize the airborne transmission of viruses in classrooms | Simulation | Educational building | Quanta emission rate distribution, air exchange rate, CO2 | (26) |
| Miranda et al. (2022) | Spain | Ventilation conditions and their influence on thermal comfort in examination classrooms in times of COVID-19. A case study in a Spanish area with Mediterranean climate | Experimental | Educational building | CO2, air flow per person (l/s). air exchange rate, thermal comfort | (27) |
| Abdallah and Nasr (2021) | Egypt | Using robots to improve indoor air quality and reduce COVID-19 exposure | Experimental | Educational building |
Temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), CO2 (ppm), Particulate Matters and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) |
(28) |
| Meyrs et al. (2022) | USA | Portable air cleaners and residential exposure to SARS-CoV-2 aerosols: A real-world study | Experimental | Residential | Questionnaires, PM, SARS-CoV-2 RNA (Saliva), ACH, Total suspended particles | (29) |
| Li et al. (2021) | China | Poor ventilation worsens short-range airborne transmission of respiratory infection | Simulation | Residential | Expired flow rate (m3/min), ventilation rate (l/s) | (30) |
| Baˇcík et al. (2020) | Slovakia | Phollower—The Universal Autonomous Mobile Robot for Industry and Civil Environments with COVID-19 Germicide Addon Meeting Safety Requirements | Experimental | Residential building | - | (31) |
| Park et al. (2021) | South Korea | Natural ventilation strategy and related issues to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) airborne transmission in a school building | Experimental | Educational building | CO2, ventilation rate (ACH), ventilation volume (m/s) | (32) |
| Aguilar et al. (2021) | Spain | Monitoring and Assessment of Indoor Environmental Conditions after the Implementation of COVID-19-Based Ventilation Strategies in an Educational Building in Southern Spain | Experimental | Educational building | CO2 (ppm), ACH, ventilation rate, temperature (°C), humidity (%), Background noise level (dB | (33) |
| Patrick et al. (2022) | USA | Longitudinal analysis of built environment and aerosol contamination associated with isolated COVID‑19 positive individuals | Experimental | Educational building | Demographic data (e.g., Sex, ethnicity and age), number of daily positive COVID-19 tests, COVID-19 symptoms, ACH, SARS-CoV-2 RNA | (34) |
| Liu et al. (2022) | USA | Investigation of airborne particle exposure in an office with mixing and displacement ventilation | Simulation | Office building | ACH, thermal load (W/m3) | (35) |
| Leonard et al. (2021) | USA | Investigation of potential aerosol transmission and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through central ventilation systems | Experimental | Office building | ACH, virus concentration (indoor and outdoor air), | (36) |
| Meiss et al. (2021) | Spain | Indoor Air Quality in Naturally Ventilated Classrooms: Lessons Learned from a Case Study in a COVID-19 Scenario | Experimental | Educational building | Occupation (n), Mean window opening (m2), mean door opening (m2), cross-ventilation (%), Temperature (°C), RH (%), CO2 (ppm), Mean PM2.5 and PM10 (µg/ m3), TVOC (ppb) | (37) |
| Aguilar et al. (2022) | Spain | Assessment of ventilation rates inside educational buildings in Southwestern Europe: Analysis of implemented strategic measures. | Experimental | Educational building | Ventilation rate (ACH), CO2 (ppm) | (38) |
| El-Salamony et al. (2020) | Egypt | Air change rate effects on the airborne diseases spreading in Underground Metro wagons | Simulation | Metro wagon | ACH, Water Volume Ratio (%WVR) | (39) |