Table 1.

Demographics of patients undergoing breast surgery

Variable	N (%), mean ± SD
Demographics
Age	55.5±12.4
Body Mass Index (BMI)	27.4±6.2
Education
Some HS	4 (1.5%)
HS grad/GED	20 (7.7%)
Tech School	2 (0.8%)
Some College	35 (13.5%)
College Graduate	104 (40.2%)
Master’s Degree	68 (26.3%)
Doctoral Degree	24 (9.3%)
Race/ethnicity*
Caucasian	223 (86.4%)
African American	7 (2.7%)
Hispanic/Latina	5 (1.9)
Asian	11 (4.3%)
Mixed race	8 (3.1%)
Other	4 (1.6%)
Surgical Variables
Surgery/reconstruction type, n (%)
Breast conserving surgery (Lumpectomy)	136 (52.5%)
Mastectomy	34 (13.1%)
Mastectomy with reconstruction - tissue expander	68 (26.3%)
Mastectomy with reconstruction - autologous	21 (8.1%)
Node surgery type, n (%)
No axillary surgery	52 (20.1%)
Sentinel lymph node procedure	165 (63.7%)
Axillary lymph node dissection	42 (16.2%)
Medical Treatment within first year after surgery
Radiation therapy, n(%)	146 (57.3%)
Chemotherapy, n (%)	92 (35.9%)
Hormone therapy, n (%)	126 (49.6%)
Baseline pain (Breast Cancer Pain questionnaire, BCPQ)
Pain Severity Index (PSI) (severity x frequency in 4 surgical areas), mean±SD	4.1±9.3
Surgical Area Pain Severity, mean±SD	1.2±1.8
Physical Impact, mean±SD	1.0±2.6
BPI Average Pain, mean±SD	1.1±1.6
BPI Impairment mean±SD	9.3±17.5
Severity of chronic pain in other area(s), mean±SD	1.7±2.5
Opioid use at baseline, n (%)	13 (5.1%)
Psychosocial Variables at baseline
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS total), mean±SD	6.4±6.9
Anxiety (PROMIS SF), mean t score ±SD	46.2±6.5
Depression (PROMIS SF), mean t score±SD	38.9±7.4
Sleep Disturbance (PROMIS SF), mean t score ±SD	50.62±8.9
Negative Affect (PANAS; range: 10–50), mean±SD	17.5±5.9
Positive Affect (PANAS; range: 10–50), mean±SD	34.1±7.4
Somatization (BSI; range: 6–30), mean±SD	7.0±2.2