Table 2.
Variables measured across time points at baseline, 2-week post-op, 6 months, and 12 months following breast surgery
| Time points, mean ± sd or t-score (se) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristics | Baseline | 2 weeks post-op | 6 months | 12 months |
| Sleep disturbance (PROMIS SF, t-score, range) | 51.2 (2.5) | 52.2 (2.5) | 51.2 (2.5) | 51.2 (2.5) |
| Pain Variables | ||||
| Pain Severity Index (PSI) | 4.4 (9.9) | 26.0 (28.4) | 11.7 (20.4) | 9.9 (19.5) |
| Surgical Area Pain Severity | 1.2 (1.9) | 3.4 (2.4) | 2.0 (2.2) | 1.8 (2.3) |
| Physical Impact | 1.4 (3.7) | 8.0 (8.3) | 2.7 (4.6) | 2.6 (4.6) |
| BPI Average Pain | 1.3 (1.8) | 2.7 (2.2) | 1.8 (2.0) | 1.7 (2.1) |
| BPI Impairment | 9.3 (17.5) | 26.0 (24.1) | 11.2 (17.3) | 10.6 (18.0) |
| Psychosocial Variables | ||||
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS total) | 6.4 (6.9) | 4.8 (6.2) | 4.0 (5.9) | 3.65 (5.3) |
| Anxiety (PROMIS SF, t-score) |
56.3 (2.2) | 53.8 (2.2) | 51.3 (2.3) | 51.3 (2.3) |
| Depression (PROMIS SF, t-score) | 51.2 (2.0) | 51.2 (2.0) | 49.8 (2.2) | 49.8 (2.2) |
| Negative Affect (PANAS; range: 10–50) | 17.5 (5.9) | 16.1 (5.5) | 15.1 (5.2) | 15.4 (5.4) |
| Positive Affect (PANAS; range: 10–50) | 34.1 (7.4) | 32.3 (8.3) | 34.6 (7.9) | 34.4 (8.1) |
| Somatization (BSI; range: 6–30), | 7.6 (2.3) | 9.0 (3.4) | 8.2 (2.7) | 8.2 (2.8) |
| Self-reported opioid use, n (%) | 12 (5%) | 63 (24%) | 8 (3%) | 8 (3%) |
Abbreviations: sd=standard deviation; se=standard error; PSI=severity x frequency in 4 surgical areas.