. 2023 Feb 26;21(2):e07822. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7822

Table 4.

Summary of apparent seroprevalence (%) observed in observational studies reported in the literature

Species	Epidemiological unit ^(a)	Source of exposure ^(b)	Number of Studies	Distribution of number of animals sampled			Distribution of apparent prevalence
Species	Epidemiological unit ^(a)	Source of exposure ^(b)	Number of Studies	Median	Q1	Q2	Median	Min	Q1	Q2	Max
Cats	Feral/stray	Infected ^(c)	5	26	15	44	50.0	17.7	22.7	53.3	64.3
	Feral/stray	unknown	6	50	27	92	2.5	0.0	0.4	9.2	19.2
	Household	Infected	12	21	15	38	20.0	0.0	7.9	23.5	52.1
	Household	Not_infected	1	38			2.6
	Household	Unknown	3	16	16	385	6.3	0.1	3.2	6.3	6.3
	Shelter	Unknown	4	67	46	102	10.4	0.0	1.7	13.0	22.5
	Vet clinic	Infected	2	11	9	12	7.7	0.0	3.8	11.5	15.4
	Vet clinic	Not_infected	2	21	15	56	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3	6.7
	Vet clinic	Unknown	7	48	24	127	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	22.9
Dogs	Feral/stray	Infected ^(c)	1	8			62.5
	Household	Infected	11	16	13	53	12.8	5.2	11.4	17.1	40.7
	Household	Not_infected	1	133			1.5
	Household	Unknown	4	238	22	454	0.4	0.0	0.0	1.9	4.9
	shelter	Unknown	2	20	14	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Vet clinic	Infected	2	14	11	17	12.5	0.0	6.3	18.8	25.0
	Vet clinic	Not_infected	1	17	13	22	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Vet clinic	Unknown	7	251	55	500	0.8	0.0	0.2	1.8	9.1

^(a)

Within each selected study, one or multiple epidemiological units (households, veterinary clinics and/or feral cats from different geographical locations) were sampled. Only epidemiological units where equal or more than 10 animals were sampled were selected for data extraction. Data on number of animals sampled and number of positives were collected per epidemiological unit. Percentage of seropositive animals (apparent prevalence) was estimated per epidemiological unit.

^(b)

The source of exposure to infection is known: ‘infected’ source (e.g. infected humans in the household), ‘not_infected’ source (e.g. animals coming from households where no infection in humans was confirmed) or ‘unknown’ (no information was available or not provided about the situation regarding infection in humans or other pets in the epidemiological unit).

^(c)

These are feral/stray companion animals living nearby affected settings, e.g. hospitals (Farnia et al., 2020) or infected mink farms (Boklund et al., 2021; Zhao et al., 2021).