Table 2.

The number of falls occurred during care and witnessed by nurses.

Falls witnessed by nurses	Falls during nursing care			Total [n (%)]
	Yes	No	Unclear
Yes	326	84	3	412 (9.87)
No	34	3,221	42	3,298 (78.98)
Unclear	3	29	434	466 (11.16)
Total [ n (%)]	363 (8.69)	3,334 (79.84）	479（11.47）	4,176 (100.00)

Note: Based on nurses’ descriptions of falls, the contexts of the falls were classified as follows: 1) Falls witnessed by nurses (Yes = witnessed, No = unwitnessed, and Unclear = unable to determine in the reports), and 2) Falls occurring during nursing care (Yes = during nursing care, No = not during nursing care, and Unclear = unable to determine in the reports). A patient’s fall that a nurse did not see was not classified as witnessed. Falls were not judged as having occurred during nursing care if nurses were merely responding to call bells or bed alarms of patients who fell, or and if nurses had left patients to attend to other patients’ needs (e.g., a nurse assisted a patient to a bathroom, but a fall occurred after the nurse left him/her to attend to another patient).