Table 3.

Categories and sub-categories of methods for inserting nipple.

Categories	Sub-categories
Closing the cleft using the nipple to create negative pressure in oral cavity	Placing the nipple on the cleft
	Inserting the nipple deeply
Inserting the nipple to not touch the cleft	Placing the nipple on the area without cleft
	Inserting the nipple straight and holding the bottle not moving the nipple
	Inserting the nipple along the lower lip
	Inserting the nipple up to the center of the tongue
Inserting the nipple timely in accordance with the child’s motivation to feed	Quickly inserting nipple by sliding when child's mouth is opening or tongue is coming out
Optimizing the child’s posture	Supporting the neck, head, and back to prevent bending the head backwards
	Fitting the child to nurse’s body
	Holding the child vertically
	Holding the child in a sitting position