| Chen et al., 2015 [29], Taiwan, China, Nursing home |
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Both EG + CG: 79.15 ± 7.03,
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EG: (n = 59)
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CG: (n = 55)
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Using wheelchairs for mobility, living in facility
|
Usual daily activities |
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The program for wheelchair-bound seniors with elastic bands (WSEB) has two levels: the basic and the advanced. The basic WSEB program has three parts (warm-up, aerobic movement, and harmonic stretching), and each part has four elastic band exercises. To make the advanced WSEB program, two fairly difficult exercises were added to each phase of the basic WSEB program. So, the advanced WSEB program is made up of three stages, and each stage has six exercises with an elastic band. Both the basic and the advanced WSEB programs have a 5-minute break right after the aerobic movement phase and take 40 min to finish. The first 12 weeks were spent teaching and practicing the basic level, and the next 12 weeks were spent teaching and practicing the advanced level.
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24 weeks of three exercise sessions per week (40 min/session)
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Lung capacity/Peak flow meter
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Handgrip strength/Dynamometer
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Upper limbs muscle endurance/Arm curl test
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Lower limbs muscle endurance/Chair-stand test
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Lower body flexibility/Chair sit-and-reach test
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Upper body flexibility/Back scratch test
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Activity of Daily Living (ADL)/Barthel index
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Baseline - 24 weeks
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|
7 |
| Stojanović et al., 2021 [30], Serbia, Geriatric center |
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EG: 75.7 ± 8.9, (n = 86)
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CG: 74.5 ± 8.2, (n = 82)
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Female older adults
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Usual daily activities |
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Elastic band resistance training consists of 10-min of warm-up; 40-min of elastic band exercise; 5–10 min of cool-down.
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12 weeks of twice exercise sessions per week (60 min/session). RPE level was 4–5, which could be reduced by decreasing the elastic band grip breadth or changing the elastic band color.
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Handgrip strength/Dynamometer
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Upper limbs muscle endurance/Arm curl test
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Lower limbs muscle endurance/Chair-stand test
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Upper body flexibility/Back scratch test
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Lower body flexibility/Chair sit-and-reach test
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Dynamic balance/Timed Up and Go test (TUG)
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Baseline - 12 weeks
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All of outcome variables were significant improvement in the EG. |
5 |
| Furtado et al., 2020 [31], Portugal, Center of health and social support institution |
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EG: 81.00 ± 4.79, (n = 20)
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CG: 80.93 ± 10.01, (n = 59)
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Frail or pre-frail older women
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No exercise |
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Chair elastic-band muscle strength exercises consist of three phases: 5-min of warm-up; muscle- strengthening exercises using elastic band; cool-down.
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Performed exercises 2–3 times a week (45 min/session) for 28 weeks. Intensity of elastic band increasing from level one (yellow band) at weeks 1–14 to level 2–3 at weeks 15–28. The intensity of RPE was kept at 4–6 points, and the HRmax was 45%–50%.
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ADL was insignificant improvement in the EG and did not improve between the EG and CG. |
4 |
| Rieping et al., 2019 [32], Portugal, Social and health care support center |
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EG: 83.47 ± 4.92, (n =15)
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CG: 80.85 ± 10.86, (n =13)
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Female older adults aged >75
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No exercise, but encouraged to engage in complementary activities |
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Chair elastic-band muscle strength exercises consist of three phases: 5-min of warm-up; muscle- strengthening exercises using elastic band; cool-down.
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14 weeks of three exercise sessions per week (45 min/session). Exercise intensity was maintained at 10 submaximal repetitions with an RPE of 6–8.
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The EG was insignificant improvement of upper body strength, dynamic balance, and ADL. |
4 |
| Chen et al., 2016 [33], Taiwan, China, Nursing home |
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EG: 80.79 ± 0.91, (n =73)
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CG: 81.37 ± 0.84, (n = 65)
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Wheelchair-bound older adults with cognitive impairment
|
Ordinary daily activities |
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WSEB consists of three phases: warm-up; aerobic motion; harmonic strength. Each session has four elastic band exercise and 5-min break after aerobic motion phase. The advanced WSEB program adds two tough exercises to each phase of the standard WSEB program, so six elastic band exercise in each phase.
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Performed exercises three times a week (40 min/session) for 24 weeks.
|
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Lung capacity/Peak flow meter
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Handgrip strength/Dynamometer
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Upper limbs muscle endurance/Arm curl test
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Upper body flexibility/Back scratch test
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Lower body flexibility/Chair sit-and-reach test
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ADL/Barthel Index
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Baseline – 24 weeks
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All of outcome variables were significant improvement in the EG. |
6 |
| Chen et al., 2017 [34], Taiwan, China, Nursing home |
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EG: 80.70 ± 8.00, (n = 65)
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CG: 81.60 ± 6.70, (n = 62)
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Older adults with dementia, using wheelchair for mobility
|
Usual daily activities |
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The resistance band exercises were conducted in the following two sequences: volunteer-led sessions for the first six months (Stage I) followed by DVD-guided sessions for the next nine months (Stage II). The basic program of resistance exercise consists of three phases: warm-up; aerobic motion; harmonic strength. Each session has four elastic band exercise and 5-min break after aerobic motion phase. The advanced program adds two tough exercises to each phase of the standard WSEB program, thus six elastic band exercise in each phase.
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60 weeks of three weekly exercise sessions (40 min/session)
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The EG was significantly less depressed than the CG. |
6 |
| Cancela et al., 2017 [44] Spain, Daycare |
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Joints mobility routine |
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Resistance bands exercise in both upper and lower limbs, including flexion-extension, abduction-adduction position.
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Performed exercises three times a week (45 min/session) for 12 weeks. Each week, the amount of repetitions each set was raised without a rest in between.
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The EG had improvement of ADL, handgrip strength, and dynamic balance. |
5 |
| Chen et al., 2015 [45], Taiwan, China, Nursing home |
|
Regular daily activities |
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WSEB consists of three phases: warm-up; aerobic motion; harmonic strength. Each phase has four elastic band exercise and 5-min break after aerobic motion phase. The advanced WSEB program adds two tough exercises to each phase of the standard WSEB program, so six elastic band exercise in each phase.
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Performed exercises three times a week (40 min/session) for 24 weeks.
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The EG had longer sleep durations, better habitual sleep efficiencies, and less depression than the CG. |
5 |
| Chen et al., 2016 [46], Taiwan, China, Nursing home |
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EG: 78.83 ± 7.69, (n = 64)
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CG: 80.10 ± 6.35, (n = 63)
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Using wheelchairs for mobility, living in facility
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Usual activities |
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The basic WSEB consists of three phases with four exercises in each phase: warm-up (wrist rotation, chest expansion, knee elevation, and shuttlecock bouncing), aerobic motion (boxing, hand raising, trunk waving, and stepping and pushing), and harmonic stretching (directing traffic, pulling forward, attacking the flank, and separating the thighs). Two relatively difficult exercises were added in each phase of the basic program to form the advanced program (such as kicking the stone, pulling arms, spreading the wings, whipping out a sword, lifting legs, and reaching the calf). The resistance band exercises were conducted in the following two sequences: volunteer-led sessions for the first 24 weeks (Stage I) followed by DVD-guided sessions for the next 24 weeks (Stage II).
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48 weeks of three weekly exercise sessions (40 min/session)
|
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Lung capacity/Peak flow meter
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Handgrip strength/Dynamometer
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Upper limbs muscle endurance/Arm curl test
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Lower limbs muscle endurance/Chair-stand test
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ADL/Barthel index
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Sleep quality/the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
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Baseline - 24 weeks–48 weeks
|
All of outcome variables were significant improvement in the EG and the EG was greater than CG. |
6 |
