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. 2023 Feb 13;14:1087829. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1087829

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Copyright © 2023 Oyarzo-Aravena, Arce-Alvarez, Salazar-Ardiles, Ramirez-Campillo, Alvarez, Toledo, Izquierdo and Andrade.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The cardiorespiratory optimal point between females and males. (A), Representative VE/VO2 and VO2 recording from one female and one male well-trained athlete. (B), Representation of cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP) determined by minute ventilation/oxygen consumption (VE/VO2). Note that males displayed a lower COP value compared to female participants. (C), Summary data of COP and VO2, VE, tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (Rf) at COP (from left to right, respectively). Male participants displayed a higher COP and VO2 at COP and VT compared to female athletes. Also, males displayed a decrease in Rf compared to females. Unpaired T-test, *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; and ***, p < 0.001. Female, n = 9; and Male, n = 24.