Table 3.
Surgical outcomes before and after matching.
| Factors | Unmatched | Matched | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=245) | B-I (n=95) | Non-B-I (n=150) | P | Total (n=118) | B-I (n=59) | Non-B-I (n=59) | P | |
| Operative time, (X ± SD), min | 206.84 ± 50.23 | 190.13 ± 48.01 | 217.30 ± 48.92 | <0.001* | 203.42 ± 49.09 | 193.88 ± 48.16 | 212.95 ± 48.54 | 0.034* |
| Postoperative hospital stays, (X ± SD), days | 15.85 ± 8.62 | 14.30 ± 7.65 | 16.83 ± 9.07 | 0.020* | 16.75 ± 8.55 | 15.22 ± 7.13 | 18.29 ± 9.58 | 0.050* |
| Hospitalization costs, (X ± SD), yuan | 65915.22 ± 32021.88 | 63459.53 ± 26949.49 | 67470.49 ± 34852.73 | 0.313 | 67231.36 ± 22342.10 | 68142.02 ± 26214.52 | 66320.71 ± 17834.16 | 0.660 |
| Total complications a | 89 (36.32%) | 23 (24.21%) | 66 (44.00%) | 0.002* | 42 (35.59%) | 15 (25.42%) | 27 (45.76%) | 0.021* |
| Clavien-Dindo grade | ||||||||
| Grade I | 8 (3.27%) | 0 (0.00%) | 8 (5.33%) | 0.025* | 5 (4.24%) | 0 (0.00%) | 5 (8.47%) | 0.068 |
| Grade II | 58 (23.67%) | 16 (16.84%) | 42 (28.00%) | 0.045* | 26 (22.03%) | 10 (16.95%) | 16 (27.12%) | 0.183 |
| Grade III | 15 (6.12%) | 4 (4.21%) | 11 (7.33%) | 0.321 | 7 (5.93%) | 3 (5.08%) | 4 (6.78%) | 1.000 |
| Grade IV | 8 (3.27%) | 3 (3.16%) | 5 (3.33%) | 1.000 | 4 (3.39%) | 2 (3.39%) | 2 (3.39%) | 1.000 |
| Detail of complications | ||||||||
| Surgical complications | 40 (16.33%) | 10 (10.53%) | 30 (20.00%) | 0.051 | 18 (15.25%) | 7 (11.86%) | 11 (18.64%) | 0.306 |
| Gastrointestinal dysfunction | 7 (2.86%) | 0 (0.00%) | 7 (4.67%) | 0.081 | 4 (3.39%) | 0 (0.00%) | 4 (6.78%) | 0.127 |
| Intestinal obstruction | 3 (1.22%) | 1 (1.05%) | 2 (1.33%) | 1.000 | 3 (2.54%) | 1 (1.69%) | 2 (3.39%) | 1.000 |
| Anastomotic leakage | 2 (0.82%) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (1.33%) | 0.523 | 1 (0.85%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (1.69%) | 1.000 |
| Severe wound infection | 5 (2.04%) | 1 (1.05%) | 4 (2.67%) | 0.684 | 2 (1.69%) | 1 (1.69%) | 1 (1.69%) | 1.000 |
| Intra-abdominal infection | 15 (6.12%) | 5 (5.26%) | 10 (6.67%) | 0.655 | 5 (4.24%) | 3 (5.08%) | 2 (3.39%) | 1.000 |
| Intra-abdominal Bleeding | 8 (3.27%) | 3 (3.16%) | 5 (3.33%) | 1.000 | 3 (2.54%) | 2 (3.39%) | 1 (1.69%) | 1.000 |
| Medical complications | 49 (20.00%) | 13 (13.68%) | 36 (24.00%) | 0.049* | 17 (14.41%) | 5 (8.47%) | 12 (20.34%) | 0.066 |
| Pleural and peritoneal effusion | 13 (5.31%) | 4 (4.21%) | 9 (6.00%) | 0.543 | 6 (5.08%) | 2 (3.39%) | 4 (6.78%) | 0.675 |
| Pulmonary complications | 14 (5.71%) | 4 (4.21%) | 10 (6.67%) | 0.420 | 5 (4.24%) | 1 (1.69%) | 4 (6.78%) | 0.361 |
| Venous thrombosis | 8 (3.27%) | 2 (2.11%) | 6 (4.00%) | 0.657 | 4 (3.39%) | 2 (3.39%) | 2 (3.39%) | 1.000 |
| Hypoalbuminemia | 3 (1.22%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (2.00%) | 0.429 | 2 (1.69%) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (3.39%) | 0.476 |
| Multiple complications | 11 (4.49%) | 3 (3.16%) | 8 (5.33%) | 0.423 | 7 (5.93%) | 3 (5.08%) | 4 (6.78%) | 1.000 |
Values are shown as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
a
Postoperative complications in this study were defined as any adverse event corresponding to Clavien-Dindo classification grade, occurring within 30 days after surgery. If a patient had more than one type of complication, the complication with the highest grade was used for the analysis.
*P<0.05, statistically significant.