Table 1.
Evaluation of methodological quality.
| Included studies | Questions | Quality appraisal indicator | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ① | ② | ③ | ④ | ⑤ | ⑥ | ⑦ | ⑧ | ⑨ | ⑩ | ||
| Dolu et al. (24) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | H |
| Dolu et al. (25) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Neiterman et al. (38) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Bull (41) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | ? | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Bull and Jervis (42) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Backman et al. (43) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Allen et al. (4) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| La Manna et al. (39) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | H |
| Graham et al. (49) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | ? | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Backman and Cho-Young (46) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Davis et al. (50) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Hvalvik and Reierson (48) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| McKeown (45) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Plank et al. (47) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Baxter et al. (44) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Foust et al. (26) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
| Nikbakht-Nasrabadi et al. (40) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | ? | Y | Y | Y | Y | M |
Y, Yes; N, No; ?, Can't tell. Quality appraisal indicator—“H” = High, “M” = Medium, “L” = Low. Adapted from Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (2013). ①: Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research? ②: Is a qualitative methodology appropriate? ③: Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research? ④: Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research? ⑤: Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue? ⑥: Has the relationship between researcher and participants been adequately considered? ⑦: Have ethical issues been taken into consideration? ⑧: Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous? ⑨: Is there a clear statement of findings? ⑩: How valuable is the research?.