Table 2.
Distribution of risk factors for COPD occurring early in life (age < 50; COPD50) in COPDGene non-Hispanic white and African American participants.
| Predictive variable | COPD50 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic white participants | African American participants | |||||
| Yes (n=491) | No (n=5870) | P value | Yes (n=194) | No (n=1974) | P value | |
| Polygenic risk score | 0.45 (1.27) | −0.058 (1.32) | <0.0001 | 0.25 (1.27) | −0.018 (1.37) | 0.0058 |
| Sex (male) | 252 (51.3%) | 3062 (52.2%) | 0.76 | 103 (53.1%) | 1129 (57.2%) | 0.31 |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | 187 (38.1%) | 1457 (24.8%) | <0.0001 | 37 (19.1%) | 294 (14.9%) | 0.15 |
| Active adolescent smoking | 425 (86.6%) | 4365 (74.4%) | <0.0001 | 161 (83.0%) | 1409 (71.4%) | 0.0008 |
| Childhood asthma | 58 (11.8%) | 291 (5.0%) | <0.0001 | 33 (17.0%) | 157 (8.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Childhood pneumonia | 60 (12.2%) | 589 (10.0%) | 0.14 | 15 (7.7%) | 88 (4.5%) | 0.062 |
| Family history of COPD | 248 (50.5%) | 1799 (30.6%) | <0.0001 | 44 (22.7%) | 304 (15.4%) | 0.011 |
| Education | <0.0001 | 0.11 | ||||
| High school or below | 224 (45.6%) | 1652 (28.1%) | 119 (61.3%) | 1054 (53.4%) | ||
| College | 243 (49.5%) | 3439 (58.6%) | 72 (37.1%) | 880 (44.6%) | ||
| Graduate | 24 (4.9%) | 779 (13.3%) | 3 (1.5%) | 40 (2.0%) | ||
Continuous variables were shown as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables were shown as count (percentage).