. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 15.

Published in final edited form as: Eur Respir J. 2022 Sep 15;60(3):2101954. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01954-2021

Table 4.

Associations between the PRS and other early-life risk factors and COPD occurring early in life (age < 50) diagnosis in COPDGene African American participants.

Predictive variable	OR (95% CI)
Predictive variable	model 1	model 2	model 3
Polygenic risk score ^*	1.23 (1.06-1.43)		1.23 (1.05-1.43)
Active smoking during adolescence		1.91 (1.29-2.81)	1.90 (1.29-2.80)
Childhood asthma		2.32 (1.54-3.50)	2.28 (1.51-3.45)
Family history of COPD		1.58 (1.10-2.26)	1.57 (1.09-2.25)

PRS: polygenic risk score; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.

model 1: PRS + principal components of genetic ancestry; model 2: other early-life risk factors; model 3: PRS + other early-life risk factors + principal components of genetic ancestry

ORs were calculated for per standard deviation increase of the PRS

All associations were statistically significant with p <0.05