Table 2.
Characteristics associated with uptake of COVID-19 vaccine booster among health care workers receiving at least two doses in Albania, June 2022.
| Characteristics N = 1337 | Vaccination status |
Unadjusted Odds Ratio (OR) |
Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccinated with two doses N = 1082 (%) | Vaccinated with three doses N = 255 (%) | OR (95% CI) | p-value | aOR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age group | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ≤34 (n = 333) | 303 (91.0) | 30 (9.0) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| 35–44 (n = 320) | 269 (84.1) | 51 (15.9) | 1.91 (1.18–3.09) | 0.008 | 1.76 (1.05–2.97) | 0.033 |
| 45–54 (n = 395) | 297 (75.2) | 98 (24.8) | 3.33 (2.15–5.17) | <0.001 | 3.11 (1.92 5.05) | <0.001 |
| ≥55 (n = 289) | 213 (73.7) | 76 (26.3) | 3.60 (2.28–5.69) | <0.001 | 3.38 (2.04–5.59) | <0.001 |
| Gender | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Male (n = 299) | 209 (69.9) | 90 (30.1) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Female (n = 1038) | 873 (84.1) | 165 (15.9) | 0.44 (0.33–0.59) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.41–0.81) | 0.002 |
| Influenza vaccination in 2020–2021 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 958) | 784 (81.8) | 174 (18.2) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 379) | 298 (78.6) | 81 (21.4) | 1.22 (0.91–1.65) | 0.179 | 1.78 (1.20–2.64) | 0.004 |
| Study site | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Tirana (n = 835) | 655 (78.4) | 180 (21.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Fier (n = 278) | 224 (80.6) | 54 (19.4) | 0.88 (0.62–1.23) | 0.450 | 0.73 (0.50–3.07) | 0.110 |
| Durres (n = 224) | 203 (90.6) | 21 (9.4) | 0.38 (0.23–0.61) | <0.001 | 0.25 (0.14–0.45) | <0.001 |
| Occupation | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Physician (n = 283) | 165 (58.3) | 118 (41.7) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Nurse, midwifes (n = 640) | 544 (85.0) | 96 (15.0) | 0.25 (0.18–0.34) | <0.001 | 0.31 (0.22–0.45) | <0.001 |
| Support staff (n = 178) | 157 (88.2) | 21 (11.8) | 0.19 (0.11–0.31) | <0.001 | 0.19 (0.11–0.32) | <0.001 |
| Administrative staff (n = 236) | 216 (91.3) | 20 (8.5) | 0.13 (0.08–0.22) | <0.001 | 0.15 (0.09–0.26) | <0.001 |
| Prior self-reported laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 875) | 703 (80.3) | 172 (19.7) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 462) | 379 (82.0) | 83 (18.0) | 0.79 (0.58–1.07) | 0.454 | 0.67 (0.48–0.93) | 0.016 |
| Household size | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Live with 1 person (n = 21) | 11 (52.4) | 10 (47.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Live with 2 people (n = 143) | 99 (69.2) | 44 (30.8) | 0.49 (0.19–1.24) | 0.130 | 0.54 (0.19–1.49) | 0.235 |
| Live with 3 people (n = 342) | 281 (82.2) | 61 (17.8) | 0.24 (0.10–0.59) | 0.002 | 0.25 (0.09–0.69) | 0.007 |
| Live with 4 people (n = 423) | 351 (83.0) | 72 (17.0) | 0.23 (0.09–0.55) | 0.001 | 0.22 (0.08–0.59) | 0.003 |
| Live with 5+ people (n = 408) | 340 (83.3) | 68 (16.7) | 0.22 (0.09–0.54) | 0.001 | 0.22 (0.08–0.60) | 0.003 |
| Pre-existing conditions | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 1066) | 879 (82.5) | 187 (17.5) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 271) | 203 (74.9) | 68 (25.1) | 1.57 (1.15–2.16) | 0.005 | 1.06 (0.72–1.55) | 0.784 |
| Smoking habits | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Never smoked (n = 1085) | 900 (82.9) | 185 (17.1) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Current and former smoker (n = 252) | 182 (72.2) | 70 (27.8) | 1.87 (1.36–2.57) | <0.001 | 1.42 (0.96–2.12) | 0.083 |
| Care for older patients (≥65 years) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 586) | 503 (85.8) | 83 (14.3) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 751) | 579 (77.1) | 172 (22.9) | 1.80 (1.35–2.40) | <0.001 | 1.27 (0.92–1.75) | 0.152 |
| Patient-facing Role | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 523) | 435 (83.2) | 88 (16.8) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 814) | 647 (79.5) | 167 (20.5) | 1.28 (0.96–1.70) | 0.094 | 0.93 (0.61–1.44) | 0.761 |
| Body mass indexa | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ≤24.9 (n = 544) | 468 (86.0) | 76 (14.0) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| ≥25.0–29.9 (n = 550) | 429 (78.0) | 121 (22.0) | 1.74 (1.27–2.38) | 0.001 | 1.37 (0.95–1.99) | 0.096 |
| ≥30.0 (n = 243) | 185 (76.1) | 58 (23.9) | 1.93 (1.32–2.83) | 0.001 | 1.47 (0.95–2.28) | 0.083 |
| Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at enrollment | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 409) | 296 (78.1) | 83 (21.9) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes (n = 1043) | 786 (82.1) | 172 (17.9) | 0.78 (0.58–1.05) | 0.098 | 0.91 (0.64–1.30) | 0.594 |
| Regular performance of aerosol generating procedures | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 659) | 536 (81.3) | 123 (18.7) | Reference | – | – | – |
| Yes (n = 678) | 546 (80.5) | 132 (19.5) | 1.05 (0.80–1.38) | 0.708 | – | – |
| Any patient contact | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No (n = 54) | 45 (83.3) | 9 (16.7) | Reference | – | – | – |
| Yes (n = 1283) | 1037 (80.8) | 246 (19.2) | 1.19 (0.57–2.45) | 0.646 | – | – |
a
Body mass index was calculated based on self-reported height and weight and grouped into the following three categories: 1) underweight (<18.5) and healthy weight (18.5–24.9), 2) overweight (25.0–29.9), and 3) obesity (≥30.0).