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. 2023 Feb 27;13:3360. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30372-x

Table 9.

Multiple linear regression analyses predicting exhaustion score.

Variable Exhaustion multiple regression
Standardized β (95% CI) P-value
Women (compared to men) 0.70 (0.38, 1.02) P < 0.001
Age* 0.45 (0.29, 0.60) P < 0.001
Physical symptoms** after COVID-19 pandemic 0.51 (0.14, 0.88) 0.007
Chronic fatigue symptoms*** after COVID-19 pandemic 1.96 (1.59, 2.33) P < 0.001
Post-traumatic stress symptoms**** 0.28 (0.07, 0.48) 0.009
Depression symptoms***** before COVID-10 pandemic − 1.14 (− 1.91, − 0.37) 0.004
Depression symptoms***** after COVID-10 pandemic 0.88 (0.44, 1.33) P < 0.001
Presence of insomnia 0.54 (0.15, 0.93) 0.007
GARS Scale (for every 1-point increase) 0.58 (0.47, 0.69) P < 0.001
Work at COVID-19 ward (compared to other location) 0.43 (0.11, 0.75) 0.009
Optimism score of POREST (for every 1-point increase) − 0.23 (− 0.28, − 0.18) P < 0.001
Self-control score of POREST (for every 1-point increase) − 0.13 (− 0.19, − 0.07) P < 0.001
Social resource support score of POREST (for every 1-point increase) 0.11 (0.02, 0.19) 0.018
Adjusted R square 0.576 P < 0.001

CI confidence interval, GARS global assessment of recent stress scale, POREST positive resources test.

*60 years and older, 50–59 years, 40–49 years, 30–39 years, 20–29 years, as the age group decreases from the older age group to the lower age group.

**Physical symptoms mean a score of 10 or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-15.

***Chronic fatigue symptoms mean a score of 3.22 or higher on the Fatigue Severity Scale.

****Post-traumatic stress symptoms mean a score of 2 or higher on the Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-5 scale.