Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of participants included in the analysis
| Variable (% or mean (SD)) | Male (307) | Female (203) | Total (510) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Site | |||
| Mallorca (%) | 24.1 | 36.5 | 29.0 |
| Navarra (%) | 19.5 | 18.7 | 19.2 |
| Vitoria (%) | 56.3 | 44.8 | 51.8 |
| Age (years) | 64.4 (5.2) | 66.5 (3.9) | 65.1 (4.8) |
| Married (%) | 85.0 | 65.5 | 77.3 |
| People living in the household | 1.4 (1.0) | 1.1 (0.9) | 1.3 (1.0) |
| Schooling (years) | 13.0 (5.5) | 10.4 (4.4) | 12.0 (5.3) |
| Employed (%) | 21.5 | 9.9 | 16.9 |
| Health status | |||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 32.4 (3.1) | 32.9 (3.6) | 32.6 (3.3) |
| Type 2 Diabetes (%) | 22.8 | 25.1 | 23.7 |
| Hypertension (%) | 84.4 | 81.8 | 83.2 |
| Depression (%) | 13.0 | 28.1 | 19.0 |
| Arrythmia (%) | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
| Antiplatelet or Anticoagulant medication (%) | 4.6 | 0.5 | 3.0 |
| CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score for Atrial Fibrillation | 1.6 (0.8) | 2.8 (0.9) | 2.1 (1.0) |
| Stroke Risk | |||
| Smoker (%) | 10.8 | 7.2 | 9.4 |
| Former Smoker (%) | 66.8 | 29.1 | 51.8 |
| Mediterranean Diet Score | 7.2 (2.7) | 8.0 (3.0) | 7.5 (2.9) |
| Moderate to vigorous physical activity (METs/day) | 332.9 (360.6) | 173.5 (213.0) | 269.4 (319.8) |
| General Echocardiographic Measures | |||
| Left Ventricle Mean Ejection Fraction (%) | 64.9 (6.3) | 66.1 (7.9) | 65.4 (7.0) |
| Left Atrial Substrate | |||
| Volume Index (mL/m2) | 23.3 (7.2) | 23.1 (8.2) | 23.2 (7.6) |
| Emptying Fraction (%) | 58.6 (17.8) | 55.9 (10.0) | 57.5 (15.2) |
| Peak Systolic Longitudinal Strain (%) | 27.8 (6.9) | 26.4 (6.6) | 27.2 (6.8) |
| Conduit Strain (%) | −12.2 (4.2) | −11.5 (4.6) | −11.9 (4.4) |
| Contractile Strain (%) | −15.7 (5.3) | −14.8 (4.6) | −15.3 (5.2) |
| Function Index (U) | 64.3 (41.0) | 66.2 (28.8) | 65.1 (36.6) |
| Stiffness Index (U) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.2) |