Table 3.
Association between clinical characteristics and CAF marker expression.
| Variables | High PDGFR-β | High α-SMA | High Collagen 1 | High FSP1/S100A4 | High FAP-α | High Twist1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | < 60 | 62.5% | 81.3% | 81.3% | 75.0% | 62.5% | 53.1% |
| ≥ 60 | 62.1% | 65.5% | 79.2% | 79.3% | 48.3% | 41.4% | |
| P-value | 0.972 | 0.163 | 0.849 | 0.689 | 0.264 | 0.359 | |
| Sex | Female | 75.0% | 75.0% | 79.2% | 75.0% | 70.8% | 45.8% |
| Male | 54.1% | 73.0% | 81.1% | 78.4% | 45.9% | 48.6% | |
| P-value | 0.099 | 0.860 | 0.854 | 0.759 | 0.056 | 0.830 | |
| CT or RT prior to BM | Absent | 40.9% | 50.0% | 68.2% | 59.1% | 40.9% | 36.4% |
| Present | 74.4% | 87.2% | 87.2% | 87.2% | 64.1% | 53.8% | |
| P-value | 0.010 | 0.002 | 0.073 | 0.012 | 0.080 | 0.189 | |
| Other metastasis | Absent | 71.9% | 78.1% | 71.9% | 78.1% | 53.0% | 56.3% |
| Present | 68.2% | 68.2% | 86.4% | 72.7% | 59.1% | 40.9% | |
| P-value | 0.770 | 0.413 | 0.208 | 0.648 | 0.665 | 0.268 | |
| Symptoms | None to minimal | 72.4% | 79.3% | 86.2% | 89.7% | 55.2% | 51.7% |
| Moderate to severe | 53.1% | 68.8% | 75.0% | 65.6% | 56.3% | 43.8% | |
| P-value | 0.121 | 0.349 | 0.272 | 0.026 | 0.933 | 0.533 | |
| Detection time of BM | Metachronous | 68.8% | 81.3% | 85.4% | 83.3% | 60.4% | 50.0% |
| Synchronous | 38.5% | 46.2% | 61.5% | 53.8% | 38.5% | 38.5% | |
| P-value | 0.046 | 0.011 | 0.055 | 0.025 | 0.157 | 0.460 | |
| Number of BM | Single | 61.9% | 69.0% | 76.2% | 76.2% | 54.8% | 45.2% |
| Multiple | 63.2% | 84.2% | 89.5% | 78.9% | 57.9% | 52.6% | |
| P-value | 0.925 | 0.212 | 0.227 | 0.813 | 0.820 | 0.592 | |
| Location | Supratentotial | 56.9% | 76.5% | 82.4% | 76.5% | 52.9% | 47.1% |
| Infratentorial | 90.0% | 60.0% | 70.0% | 80.0% | 70.0% | 50.0% | |
| P-value | 0.048 | 0.279 | 0.369 | 0.808 | 0.321 | 0.865 | |
CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; CT, chemotherapy; BM, brain metastasis; GTR, gross total resection; RT, radiation therapy. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis.