Table 3.

List of nano-embolization system for imaging in TACE or TAE therapy of HCC

Imaging	Embolism system	Contrast agent	Drugs	Synergistic therapy	Refs.
Ultrasonic imaging	DOX-NPs-MB	Microbubbles	DOX	Ultrasound and TACE therapy	[78]
X-ray imaging(CT/DSA)	Fe@EGaIn/CA	Fe@EGaIn	DOX	PTT, PDT and TACE therapy	[36]
	BaSO4/ALG	BaSO4	N/A	TAE therapy	[81]
	Ta@CaAlg	Tantalum NPs	DOX	TACE therapy	[62]
	MSMC	MoS2 nanosheets	N/A	TAE and microwave ablation therapy	[82]
MRI	Fe@EGaIn/CA	Fe@EGaIn NPs	DOX	PTT, PDT and TACE therapy	[36]
	SPION@PDA	SPION	DOX	PTT and TACE therapy	[54]
	Fe3O4-MS	Fe3O4 NPs	ADM	TACE, microwave ablation, and ferroptosis	[60]

DOX-NPs-MB doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticle-conjugated microbubble, Fe@EGaIn eutectic gallium-indium alloy nanodroplets containing iron nanoparticles, Fe@EGaIn/CA calcium alginate microspheres loaded with Fe@EGaIn NPs, BaSO4/ALG barium alginate microspheres loaded with in situ synthesized BaSO₄ particles, Ta@CaAlg calcium alginate microspheres loaded with tantalum NPs, MSMC MoS₂ nanosheets encapsulated in sodium alginate microcapsules, SPION@PDA polydopamine coated superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs, Fe₃O₄-MS homogenous gelatin microspheres co-loaded Fe₃O₄ NPs, ADM adriamycin