Table 1.

Oncogenic properties of HPV oncoproteins

Oncoproteins	Mechanisms	Effects	References
E6	I. Binding to cellular ubiquitin ligase E6-associated protein (E6-AP) II. Binding to co-activator of p53	Promotion of p53 degradation	[14]
	Binding to the cellular proteins containing (PDZ) domains	degradation of potential tumor suppressor proteins	[18]
	Binding to the Fas-associated Death Domain (FADD)	Prevention of Fas-induced Apoptosis	[22]
	Binding to myc proteins and inducing expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) catalytic subunit	Telomerase activation leads to prolonged life of HPV-16 infected cells	[20]
	Binding to NFX-1 isoforms: NFX1-123	Increase in hTERT mRNA levels	[30]
E7	I. Proteasomal degradation of the pRB/E2F repressor complex II. Binding to p107 and p130	Activation of genes necessary for S-phase progression	[24]
	Abrogation of the inhibitory activities of the p16 and p27	Dysregulation of the G1/S-phase transition	[31]
	Inhibition of TGF-β signaling	Impaired cellular differentiation	[27]