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. 2023 Feb 27:102369. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2023.102369

Table 6.

Mean output gap synchronicity and similarity before and during the European sovereign debt crisis.

Period Synchronicity
Similarity
2007Q1–2009Q3 2009Q4–2012Q1 2007Q1–2009Q3 2009Q4–2012Q1
Austria 1.00 0.45 0.86 0.63
Belgium 0.82 0.45 0.75 0.77
Finland 1.00 0.64 0.51 0.65
France 0.82 0.27 0.66 0.78
Germany 0.82 0.45 0.75 0.30
Greece 1.00 0.45 0.13 −0.94
Ireland 0.09 0.45 −1.40 −1.45
Italy 1.00 0.45 0.68 0.47
Netherlands 0.82 0.82 0.72 0.76
Portugal 1.00 0.64 0.79 0.20
Spain 1.00 0.82 0.95 0.45
Overall 0.85 0.54 0.49 0.24

Note: Numbers shown refer to ten quarters before the European debt crisis and ten quarters during the European debt crisis. The last row is the mean of all 11 countries per period.