Table 1.
Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics by preference
| Cognitive behavioral therapy (n=97) |
Yoga (n=87) |
Stress education (n=16) |
No preference (n=19) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 33.4 (12.5) | 31.9 (12.8) | 37.6 (16.9) | 33.3 (14.9) |
| Male, n (%) | 36 (37.1%) | 17 (19.5%) | 8 (50%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| White (non-Hispanic) | 74 (76.3%) | 61 (70.1%) | 11 (68.8%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| Hispanic | 9 (9.3%) | 9 (10.3%) | 4 (25%) | 5 (26.3%) |
| Black | 3 (3.1%) | 5 (5.8%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 8 (8.3%) | 9 (10.3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Other | 3 (3.1%) | 3 (3.5%) | 1 (6.3%) | 1 (5.3%) |
| Educational level, n (%) | ||||
| High school, technical school, or some college | 14 (14.4%) | 15 (17.2%) | 4 (25%) | 3 (15.8%) |
| College graduate | 40 (41.2%) | 40 (46.0%) | 7 (43.8%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| Graduate or professional school (some or completed) | 43 (44.3%) | 31 (35.6%) | 4 (25%) | 6 (31.6%) |
| Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses (>5% prevalence) | ||||
| Social anxiety disorder | 47 (48.5%) | 34 (39.1%) | 6 (37.5%) | 10 (52.6%) |
| Major depressive disorder | 28 (28.9%) | 11 (12.6%) | 2 (12.5%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Specific phobia | 18 (18.6%) | 15 (17.2%) | 5 (31.2%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Panic disorder | 10 (10.3%) | 8 (9.2%) | 2 (12.5%) | 3 (15.8%) |
| Agoraphobia | 6 (6.2%) | 5 (5.8%) | 2 (12.5%) | 2 (10.5%) |
| Meta-cognitions Questionnaire, mean (SD) | ||||
| Positive beliefs about worry | 34.81 (10.70) | 35.73 (12.02) | 32.31 (9.82) | 36.21 (10.38) |
| Beliefs about uncontrollability and danger of worry | 47.93 (8.81) | 42.41 (10.07) | 32.94 (12.00) | 43.35 (9.13) |
| Meta-cognitive efficiency | 21.45 (6.57) | 20.46 (6.11) | 21.19 (7.32) | 20.19 (6.44) |
| General negative beliefs | 28.48 (7.53) | 25.99 (8.32) | 25.50 (9.22) | 26.65 (8.75) |
| Cognitive self-consciousness | 20.53 (4.26) | 18.58 (4.61) | 17.75 (4.52) | 20.47 (3.60) |
| Perceived Stress Scale, mean (SD) | 25.33 (4.89) | 22.57 (5.53) | 23.25 (5.21) | 21.47 (5.28) |
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, mean (SD) | 113.18 (18.52) | 115.29 (15.53) | 111.38 (17.63) | 111.14 (17.20) |
Note. Data are missing for education level (n=2) and specific phobia comorbid diagnosis (n=1).