Table 6.
Association between gender and neuropathological alterations (n = 741).
| Small vessel disease |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
p | Multivariatea OR (95% CI) |
p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Female × male |
311 (88.1%) 347 (90.1%) |
42 (11.9%) 38 (9.9%) |
0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.38 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.18 |
|
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
|
||||||
| No | Yes | |||||
| Female × male |
336 (95.5%) 375 (97.4%) |
16 (4.5%) 10 (2.6%) |
0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.16 | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.19 |
|
Infarcts
|
||||||
| No | Yes | |||||
| Female × male |
325 (92.6%) 359 (93.2%) |
26 (7.4%) 26 (6.8%) |
0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 0.73 | 1.1 (1.0–2.2) | 0.82 |
|
Neuritic plaques (beta-amyloid): moderate-frequent
|
||||||
| No | Yes | |||||
| Female × male |
284 (80.2%) 333 (86.0%) |
70 (19.8%) 54 (14.0%) |
0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.035 | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 0.19 |
|
Neurofibrillary pathology (tau) III-VI
|
||||||
| No | Yes | |||||
| Female × male |
234 (66.7%) 291 (76.2%) |
117 (33.3%) 91 (23.8%) |
0.6 (0.5–0.9) | 0.004 | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) | 0.07 |
|
Lewy body disease
|
||||||
| No | Yes | |||||
| Female × male |
307 (90.3%) 338 (90.6%) |
33 (9.7%) 35 (9.4%) |
1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.88 | 1.0 (0.6–1.9) | 0.89 |
Key: a-MDD, adult-onset major depressive disorder; 95% CI, 95% Confidence Interval; DS, depressive symptoms 3 months prior to death; LLD, late life MDD; MDD, major depressive disorder.
a
Logistic regression models adjusted for age at death, education, alcohol misuse, smoking, and hypertension.