Table 2. Different types of lingual retractors used in M3M extraction.

Purpose Built	Non-purpose built	No Lingual Retraction	Not specified
Moss and Wake 1999	Baqain et al. 2010	Akadiri et al. 2009	Gargallo-albiol et al. 2000
Pogrel and Goldman 2004	Bataineh 2001	Bataineh and Batarseh 2016	Majeed et al. 2018
Smith 2013	Charan babu et al. 2013	Lata and Tiwari 2011	Obiechina et al. 2001
	Cheung et al. 2010	Jerjes et al. 2006
	Ge et al. 2016	Jerjes et al. 2010
	Gomes et al. 2005	Malden and Maidment 2002
	Janakiraman and Sanjay 2010	Mavrodi et al. 2015
	Kale et al. 2014	Nguyen et al. 2014
	Praveen et al. 2007	Ramadorai et al. 2019
	Robinson et al. 1999
	Shad et al. 2015
	Yadav et al. 2014

Non-purpose built = Freer, Molt, Obwegesser, Howarth

Purpose built = Hovell ’s, Walter’s lingual retractor, Rowe