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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Stat Assoc. 2021 Apr 6;117(540):1875–1886. doi: 10.1080/01621459.2021.1891926

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

RMSEs for the true functionals h(Y*) (left) and the true regression coefficients β* (right) for n = 100 (top) and n = 500 (bottom) across 100 simulated datasets. Non-overlapping notches indicate significant differences between medians. The parametrized actions with out-of-sample selection are most accurate for prediction and estimation.