Table 5. Top 20 CpG sites that differed between metformin users and nonusers among the diabetes group.
| Gene name | CpG site | Chromosome | non-Met (%) | Met (%) | Mean difference (Δβ) | p-value |
| cg19873536 | chr10 | 78.3% | 67.9% | 10.4% | 1.28E-06 | |
| cg13596208 | chr9 | 1.9% | 2.7% | −0.9% | 2.29E-06 | |
| HBA1 | cg01704105 | chr16 | 40.5% | 33.7% | 6.8% | 5.42E-06 |
| DUOX2 | cg02550961 | chr15 | 1.5% | 1.9% | −0.4% | 6.10E-06 |
| NEO1 | cg12516231 | chr15 | 2.2% | 3.2% | −0.9% | 6.97E-06 |
| C7orf46 | cg06685724 | chr7 | 2.1% | 2.9% | −0.8% | 1.28E-05 |
| NAT15 | cg00484396 | chr16 | 9.8% | 4.9% | 4.8% | 1.56E-05 |
| cg14685975 | chr5 | 89.9% | 92.1% | −2.2% | 1.64E-05 | |
| CTSL | cg02104500 | chr9 | 3.6% | 4.9% | −1.4% | 1.66E-05 |
| cg12584257 | chr9 | 67.6% | 77.2% | −9.6% | 1.69E-05 | |
| NAT15 | cg22508957 | chr16 | 10.9% | 6.3% | 4.6% | 1.84E-05 |
| AREL1 | cg11034672 | chr14 | 11.6% | 15.0% | −3.3% | 1.86E-05 |
| cg24651265 | chr10 | 1.1% | 1.7% | −0.5% | 2.12E-05 | |
| CMBL | cg17467873 | chr5 | 1.7% | 2.1% | −0.4% | 2.21E-05 |
| EBF4 | cg05857996 | chr20 | 77.6% | 63.6% | 13.9% | 2.23E-05 |
| cg18482666 | chr2 | 95.8% | 94.8% | 1.0% | 2.39E-05 | |
| HRASLS5 | cg00489394 | chr11 | 6.6% | 7.1% | −0.5% | 2.40E-05 |
| AKAP13 | cg21530087 | chr15 | 2.2% | 2.6% | −0.4% | 2.59E-05 |
| cg15864571 | chr3 | 93.4% | 95.0% | −1.6% | 2.67E-05 | |
| FLJ35024 | cg15981195 | chr9 | 2.3% | 3.5% | −1.1% | 2.91E-05 |