Table 1.

Clinical questions regarding the workup, management, and surveillance of adrenal incidentalomas addressed in the guideline

What is the definition of an adrenal incidentaloma? What is the differential diagnosis for an adrenal incidentaloma (malignant, benign, and functioning)? What are key questions to ask on history and pertinent physical examination findings when evaluating a patient with an adrenal incidentaloma? What are the best first-line and second-line imaging tests to characterize the incidentally discovered adrenal mass? Which patients with adrenal incidentalomas require screening for hypersecretion of cortisol, aldosterone, catecholamines, and androgens? What are the best screening tests for each? Is there a role for biopsy of an adrenal incidentaloma? What are the indications for surgery for an incidentally detected adrenal mass? Should patients with subclinical Cushing’s be offered adrenalectomy? Is there a specific size/growth rate threshold that can be used for offering treatment for a non-functioning mass with benign characteristics? What is the best surgical approach for localized adrenocorticotropic carcinomas? What constitutes appropriate followup for a patient not undergoing surgery or postoperatively? Are there any special considerations?