Table 3.

Postoperative outcomes of patients treated by T-tube drainage (TD group) and primary closure (PC group) following laparoscopic common bile duct exploration

Parameters	TD group	PC group	P
	(n = 153)	(n = 145)
Postoperative hospital stay (days)	7.1 ± 2.6	5.9 ± 2.0	0.000
Postoperative anal exhaust time (days)	2.2 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 37.7	0.096
Postoperative complication rate (%)	2.0	2.7	0.717
Bile leakage	2	3
Pulmonary infection	1	0
Incomplete ileus	0	1
WBC (× 109)	12.7 ± 3.5	12.1 ± 4.0	0.125
Postoperative electrolytes
K + (mmol/L)	4.06 ± 0.39	4.09 ± 0.41	0.465
Na + (mmol/L)	137.7 ± 3.5	138.7 ± 2.8	0.056
Cl-(mmol/L)	103.5 ± 3.5	104.3 ± 3.5	0.090
Postoperative liver functions
Albumin (g/L)	34.2 ± 4.5	34.7 ± 4.5	0.289
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	29.9 ± 34.1	30.4 ± 38.4	0.914
Direct bilirubin (μmol/L)	21.7 ± 28.6	21.7 ± 33.2	0.997
ALT (U/L)	92.4 ± 71.3	93.3 ± 73.6	0.916
AST (U/L)	63.3 ± 46.3	59.8 ± 37.7	0.485

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n

WBC, white blood cell; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase