Table 2:
Descriptive statistics and effect sizes. Variable order within domain is according to the magnitude of the contrasts between co-occurring headache and TMD, vs headache alone.
| a) HA without TMD |
b) Headache comorbid with TMD |
c) Headache attributed to TMD |
Contrasts: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean | s.e. | Mean | s.e. | mean | s.e. | Avg of c,b vs. a |
c vs. b | |
|
|
|
|
|
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| Pain domain | ||||||||
| Manikin: head, neck, shoulder | 0.7 | (0.0) | 2.3 | (0.1) | 3.6 | (0.2) | 1.12 | 0.66 |
| Neck familiar pain: palpation | 1.1 | (0.0) | 2.6 | (0.1) | 3.8 | (0.1) | 0.97 | 0.53 |
| Body familiar pain: palpation | 0.9 | (0.0) | 3.0 | (0.2) | 4.0 | (0.3) | 0.89 | 0.33 |
| Body pain: palpation | 3.5 | (0.1) | 6.2 | (0.2) | 6.8 | (0.3) | 0.82 | 0.16 |
| Neck pain: palpation | 3.7 | (0.1) | 4.7 | (0.1) | 5.3 | (0.0) | 0.72 | 0.33 |
| HA: pain days | 3.4 | (0.2) | 7.6 | (0.6) | 9.3 | (0.7) | 0.71 | 0.24 |
| Manikin: torso, limbs | 2.9 | (0.1) | 4.9 | (0.3) | 6.9 | (0.6) | 0.67 | 0.46 |
| HA: intensity | 34.5 | (0.9) | 44.8 | (1.4) | 48.4 | (1.5) | 0.67 | 0.20 |
| HA: interference | 18.1 | (1.1) | 28.1 | (1.9) | 34.5 | (2.4) | 0.54 | 0.27 |
| HA: disability days | 1.5 | (0.2) | 5.3 | (1.0) | 10.2 | (1.8) | 0.53 | 0.42 |
| TMD domain | ||||||||
| MM familiar pain: evoked | 1.7 | (0.2) | 11.0 | (0.6) | 15.6 | (0.8) | 1.36 | 0.54 |
| Non-specific jaw symptoms | 0.8 | (0.0) | 2.9 | (0.1) | 4.1 | (0.1) | 1.34 | 0.62 |
| MM pain: evoked | 4.5 | (0.2) | 13.5 | (0.5) | 17.0 | (0.7) | 1.27 | 0.41 |
| TMD: pain days | 4.2 | (0.6) | 22.1 | (1.7) | 22.8 | (1.5) | 1.01 | 0.04 |
| TMJ function | 1.0 | (0.0) | 2.3 | (0.1) | 3.2 | (0.1) | 0.99 | 0.50 |
| TSK: somatic | 6.2 | (0.1) | 8.7 | (0.2) | 10.0 | (0.3) | 0.94 | 0.41 |
| JFLS: global | 0.4 | (0.0) | 1.5 | (0.1) | 1.8 | (0.1) | 0.91 | 0.27 |
| TSK: activity | 9.3 | (0.1) | 12.0 | (0.3) | 14.4 | (0.4) | 0.89 | 0.55 |
| OBC: total | 21.2 | (0.5) | 29.7 | (0.9) | 33.5 | (1.0) | 0.89 | 0.33 |
| Pain-free opening | 44.8 | (0.4) | 36.9 | (0.9) | 33.6 | (0.9) | 0.89 | 0.30 |
| TMD: intensity | 32.0 | (1.1) | 42.3 | (1.6) | 49.0 | (1.7) | 0.70 | 0.34 |
| Maximum opening | 50.6 | (0.3) | 47.1 | (0.7) | 45.9 | (0.7) | 0.49 | 0.14 |
| TMD: disability days | 1.1 | (0.2) | 6.2 | (1.5) | 10.9 | (2.1) | 0.48 | 0.30 |
| TMD: interference | 14.2 | (1.3) | 20.4 | (1.9) | 28.7 | (2.3) | 0.45 | 0.35 |
| QST domain | ||||||||
| PPT: temporalis | 191.7 | (3.8) | 144.7 | (4.5) | 127.0 | (4.2) | 0.81 | 0.26 |
| PPT: trapezius | 336.1 | (7.9) | 267.1 | (10.8) | 224.0 | (9.7) | 0.63 | 0.30 |
| PPT: tibialis | 429.6 | (7.9) | 369.7 | (11.9) | 319.6 | (13.0) | 0.57 | 0.34 |
| Pinprick pain: threshold | 261.0 | (8.7) | 204.6 | (12.0) | 171.0 | (12.6) | 0.46 | 0.21 |
| Pinprick pain: single stimulus | 16.0 | (0.9) | 20.8 | (1.7) | 25.3 | (2.0) | 0.38 | 0.24 |
| Heat pain: aftersensation | 9.7 | (0.9) | 15.0 | (1.6) | 17.2 | (2.1) | 0.36 | 0.12 |
| Heat pain: AUC | 418.3 | (16.7) | 509.0 | (23.9) | 488.9 | (27.3) | 0.35 | −0.09 |
| Pinprick pain: aftersensation | 7.9 | (0.7) | 10.8 | (1.2) | 13.7 | (1.4) | 0.31 | 0.21 |
| Heat pain: 10 stimuli | 67.3 | (1.8) | 76.4 | (2.3) | 76.7 | (2.6) | 0.31 | 0.01 |
| Pinprick pain: 10 stimuli | 38.0 | (1.4) | 42.1 | (2.3) | 46.8 | (2.5) | 0.24 | 0.17 |
| Heat pain: temporal summation | 23.6 | (1.6) | 29.1 | (2.6) | 30.2 | (2.6) | 0.23 | 0.04 |
| Heat pain: single stimulus | 42.3 | (1.7) | 48.3 | (2.8) | 48.2 | (3.2) | 0.19 | −0.00 |
| Heat pain: tolerance | 46.1 | (0.1) | 45.8 | (0.2) | 45.6 | (0.2) | 0.15 | 0.06 |
| Heat pain: threshold | 41.9 | (0.1) | 41.7 | (0.3) | 41.5 | (0.3) | 0.09 | 0.06 |
| Pinprick pain: temporal summation | 22.1 | (1.0) | 21.3 | (1.4) | 21.5 | (1.4) | −0.04 | 0.01 |
| Psychosocial domain | ||||||||
| SCL90R: physical symptoms | 0.3 | (0.0) | 0.7 | (0.0) | 0.8 | (0.0) | 0.82 | 0.26 |
| PILL | 94.7 | (1.2) | 113.7 | (2.4) | 121.8 | (2.7) | 0.79 | 0.28 |
| SCL90R: depression | 0.4 | (0.0) | 0.7 | (0.0) | 0.8 | (0.0) | 0.62 | 0.32 |
| POMS: negative affect | 53.3 | (0.8) | 60.4 | (1.4) | 66.0 | (1.7) | 0.55 | 0.31 |
| STAI-Y | 36.3 | (0.5) | 39.7 | (0.8) | 44.1 | (1.1) | 0.50 | 0.39 |
| PSS | 19.7 | (0.4) | 22.9 | (0.7) | 25.3 | (0.9) | 0.48 | 0.26 |
| PTSD | 10.4 | (0.9) | 19.5 | (1.9) | 21.0 | (2.5) | 0.47 | 0.07 |
| CSQ: catastrophizing | 0.8 | (0.0) | 1.3 | (0.0) | 1.3 | (0.1) | 0.45 | 0.00 |
| LES: sum score | 8.9 | (0.4) | 11.3 | (0.8) | 12.7 | (0.9) | 0.34 | 0.16 |
| CSQ: distancing | 1.0 | (0.0) | 1.2 | (0.1) | 1.4 | (0.1) | 0.21 | 0.19 |
| CSQ: distraction | 2.3 | (0.0) | 2.5 | (0.1) | 2.5 | (0.1) | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| CSQ: coping | 3.6 | (0.0) | 3.8 | (0.1) | 3.9 | (0.1) | 0.13 | 0.11 |
| CSQ: ignore Pain | 2.6 | (0.0) | 2.8 | (0.1) | 2.7 | (0.1) | 0.09 | −0.07 |
| CSQ: praying | 2.3 | (0.1) | 2.3 | (0.1) | 2.2 | (0.1) | −0.01 | −0.02 |
| Health domain | ||||||||
| Fatigue score | 1.4 | (0.0) | 1.8 | (0.0) | 1.9 | (0.0) | 0.66 | 0.14 |
| Health conditions | 1.0 | (0.0) | 1.7 | (0.1) | 2.1 | (0.1) | 0.57 | 0.27 |
| PSQI: total | 5.4 | (0.1) | 7.1 | (0.3) | 7.7 | (0.3) | 0.54 | 0.16 |
| SF12: mental | 51.2 | (0.5) | 47.8 | (0.8) | 44.3 | (1.1) | 0.49 | 0.33 |
| SF12: physical | 51.1 | (0.4) | 47.3 | (0.9) | 46.7 | (1.1) | 0.39 | 0.06 |
| Allergies | 1.2 | (0.0) | 1.6 | (0.1) | 2.0 | (0.1) | 0.37 | 0.26 |
| SBP | 118.3 | (0.7) | 121.7 | (1.4) | 119.0 | (1.3) | 0.13 | −0.18 |
| Heart rate | 64.6 | (0.5) | 64.2 | (0.9) | 67.9 | (0.9) | 0.13 | 0.33 |
| DBP | 69.5 | (0.5) | 70.4 | (1.0) | 69.6 | (0.9) | 0.05 | −0.08 |
| Sleeping hours | 6.9 | (0.0) | 6.9 | (0.1) | 6.9 | (0.1) | −0.01 | 0.03 |
| BMI | 28.9 | (0.4) | 28.6 | (0.5) | 28.9 | (0.6) | −0.03 | 0.03 |
Means and standard errors (s.e.) are z-score standardizations of original scales. Contrasts are standardized mean differences, color coded according to categories for Cohen's D effect sizes, namely Small = 0.2 to <0.5, Medium = 0.5 to <0.8; or Large = ≥0.8