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. 2023 Feb 14;14:1098228. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1098228

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Protective effects of 9-PH on capillaries and the blood‒brain barrier. (A) Representative coronal brain specimens (upper) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (bottom) of the bleeding area 24 h after injury. Red patches indicate hemorrhage. Scale bar: 100 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of bleeding areas by H&E staining (n = 3). (C, D) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitative analysis of capillaries (CD31) in the surrounding tissues 24 h after TBI (n = 3). Scale bar: 50 μm. (E, F) Evans blue extravasation of the ipsilateral brain was measured 24 h after TBI (n = 3). (G, H) Western blotting and quantitative analysis of the expression of the blood‒brain barrier tight junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-5 at 24 h after TBI in peripheral tissues (n = 5). (I, J) Western blotting and quantitative analysis of the expression of Claudin-1 24 h after TBI in peripheral tissues (n = 5). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001.