Multivariable survival analysis using the discovery and validation cohorts. Forest plots showing multivariable analyses of (A) PFS and (B) OS by age, sex, ECOG performance status, Child–Pugh score, AFP, MVI, extrahepatic spread, and serum IL-6 levels; N = 165, pooled data from the discovery and validation cohorts. Values of p were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. AFP, alpha-foetoprotein; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR, hazard ratio; MVI, macrovascular invasion; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.