Table 1.
Pregnancy cohort demographic characteristics and outcomes by prepandemic (1 January, 2016 to 23 February, 2020) and pandemic (23 March, 2020 to 28 December, 2020) time periods for a Washington State cohort (N = 77,411 pregnancies)
| Demographics and outcomes | Prepandemic 1 January, 2016 to 23 February, 2020 N = 65,214 mean ± SD or n (%) |
Pandemic 23 March, 2020 to 28 December, 2020 N = 12,197 mean ± SD or n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Nulliparous | 26,631 (40.8) | 5256 (43.1) |
| Race and ethnicity of birthing women/person | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 34,515 (52.9) | 5967 (48.9) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2670 (4.1) | 512 (4.2) |
| Hispanic or Latinx | 10,713 (16.4) | 2046 (16.8) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 13,060 (20.0) | 2548 (20.9) |
| American Indian or Native Alaskan | 696 (1.1) | 103 (0.8) |
| Other or mixed race | 1963 (3.0) | 372 (3.0) |
| Missing | 1597 (2.4) | 649 (5.3) |
| Rural zip code | 5310 (8.1) | 920 (7.5) |
| Missing rural indicator | 1649 (2.5) | 351 (2.9) |
| Medicaid insurance | 19,537 (30.0) | 3351 (27.5) |
| Missing insurance | 2313 (3.5) | 66 (0.5) |
| Distressed Communities Index | ||
| Prosperous | 29,543 (45.3) | 5576 (45.7) |
| Comfortable | 16,137 (24.7) | 3040 (24.9) |
| Mid-tier | 5931 (9.1) | 1155 (9.5) |
| At risk | 10,097 (15.5) | 1765 (14.5) |
| Distressed | 2839 (4.4) | 534 (4.4) |
| Missing | 667 (1.0) | 127 (1.0) |
| Age of birthing person (y) | 30.4 ± 5.4 | 30.8 ± 5.4 |
| Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 6.6 | 27.4 ± 6.7 |
| Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) categories | ||
| Underweight or normal weight (<24.9) | 30,128 (46.2) | 5454 (44.7) |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 17,794 (27.3) | 3288 (27.0) |
| Obese class I (30.0–34.9) | 9362 (14.4) | 1809 (14.8) |
| Obese class II (35.0–39.9) | 4595 (7.0) | 935 (7.7) |
| Obese class III (≥40.0) | 3335 (5.1) | 711 (5.8) |
| Height of birthing person (cm) | 163.1 ± 7.2 | 163.0 ± 7.1 |
| Total pregnancy weight gain (kg) | 12.3 ± 6.1 | 12.4 ± 6.5 |
| Subgroup: pregestational BMI <24.9 | 13.8 ± 5.0 | 14.0 ± 5.2 |
| Subgroup: pregestational BMI 25 to <30 | 12.6 ± 5.9 | 12.8 ± 6.3 |
| Subgroup: pregestational BMI 30+ | 9.3 ± 6.9 | 9.4 ± 7.3 |
| Total pregnancy weight gain z-score | −0.1 ± 1.1 | −0.1 ± 1.2 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | 38.8 ± 1.7 | 38.7 ± 1.7 |
| Infant birthweight (g) | 3367.5 ± 538.3 | 3354.0 ± 533.4 |