Table 2.
Infant cohort demographic characteristics and outcomes by prepandemic (1 January, 2016 to 23 February, 2020) and pandemic (23 March, 2020 to 28 December, 2020) time periods for a Washington State cohort (N = 104,936 infants)
| Demographics and outcomes | Prepandemic 1 January, 2016 to February 23, 2020 N = 88,904 mean ± SD or n (%) |
Pandemic 23 March, 2020, to 28 December, 2020 N = 16,032 mean ± SD or n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Nulliparous pregnancy | 35,722 (40.2) | 6798 (42.4) |
| Race or ethnicity of birthing person/woman | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 46,023 (51.8) | 7571 (47.2) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 4310 (4.8) | 754 (4.7) |
| Hispanic or Latinx | 15,024 (16.9) | 2702 (16.9) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 17,017 (19.1) | 3058 (19.1) |
| American Indian or Native Alaskan | 1241 (1.4) | 197 (1.2) |
| Other or mixed race | 3113 (3.5) | 547 (3.4) |
| Missing | 2176 (2.4) | 1203 (7.5) |
| Rural zip code | 7306 (8.2) | 1285 (8.0) |
| Missing rural indicator | 2460 (2.8) | 480 (3.0) |
| Medicaid insurance | 30,921 (34.8) | 5169 (32.2) |
| Missing insurance | 2464 (2.8) | 89 (0.6) |
| Distressed Communities Index | ||
| Prosperous | 37,144 (41.8) | 6677 (41.6) |
| Comfortable | 22,308 (25.1) | 4106 (25.6) |
| Mid-tier | 8981 (10.1) | 1729 (10.8) |
| At risk | 14,906 (16.8) | 2548 (15.9) |
| Distressed | 4415 (5.0) | 767 (4.8) |
| Missing | 1150 (1.3) | 205 (1.3) |
| Age of birthing person (y) | 30.2 ± 5.6 | 30.5 ± 5.6 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | 38.7 ± 1.9 | 38.6 ± 1.8 |
| Infant birthweight (g) | 3342.2 ± 563.9 | 3332.0 ± 556.4 |
| Infant birthweight z-score | 0.1 ± 1.1 | 0.1 ± 1.0 |