. 2023 Jan 5;2023:2008517. doi: 10.1155/2023/2008517

Table 5.

Immune response, immune gene expression, and antioxidant activity of whiteleg shrimp after feeding treatment and infection with V. parahaemolyticus and resistance of shrimp after infection.

Observation parameters¹	Sampling time (hour)⁴	Doses of selenoprotein (g kg feed⁻¹)
Observation parameters¹	Sampling time (hour)⁴	0 (-)³	0 (+)³	2.5	5	7.5
Immune response
SR postinfection (%)		100 ± 0.00^c	45 ± 7.07^a	75 ± 7.07^b	80 ± 14.14^b	80 ± 0.00^b
THC (cells mL⁻¹) × 10⁶	0	6.35 ± 0.07^a	—	15.30 ± 0.01^b	17.20 ± 0.03^c	19.80 ± 0.06^d
THC (cells mL⁻¹) × 10⁶	48	6.20 ± 0.42^b	3.25 ± 0.35^a	10.10 ± 0.01^c	11.60 ± 0.06^d	13.40 ± 0.07^e
PO (100 μL⁻¹)	0	0.09 ± 0.07^a	—	0.12 ± 0.08^b	0.13 ± 0.09^bc	0.15 ± 0.01^c
PO (100 μL⁻¹)	48	0.09 ± 0.06^d	0.06 ± 0.06^a	0.07 ± 0.01^ab	0.08 ± 0.01^bc	0.08 ± 0.04^cd
RB (10 μL⁻¹)	0	0.15 ± 0.02^a	—	0.33 ± 0.01^b	0.47 ± 0.01^c	0.58 ± 0.01^d
RB (10 μL⁻¹)	48	0.14 ± 0.01^bc	0.10 ± 0.03^a	0.12 ± 0.01^b	0.15 ± 0.01^c	0.17 ± 0.01^d
PA (%)	0	39 ± 0.04^a	—	61 ± 0.06^b	68 ± 0.04^b	67 ± 0.02^b
PA (%)	48	38 ± 0.03^ab	30 ± 0.01^a	40 ± 0.04^b	49 ± 0.02^c	50 ± 0.04^c
LA (unit/mL)	0	31.84 ± 1.18^a	—	51.67 ± 0.94^b	83.5 ± 1.17^c	102.5 ± 1.66^d
LA (unit/mL)	48	29.00 ± 1.41^b	16.67 ± 0.94^a	36.00 ± 0.95^c	46.84 ± 1.18^d	68.00 ± 1.89^e
Relative expression of mRNA immune gene
proPO	48	0.44 ± 0.01^a	0.49 ± 0.01^a	0.88 ± 0.07^b	0.92 ± 0.06^b	1.01 ± 0.05^c
PE	48	0.43 ± 0.01^a	0.44 ± 0.01^a	0.92 ± 0.01^b	0.96 ± 0.04^b	1.03 ± 0.02^c
Antioxidant activity
SOD (U/mg protein)	0	7.06 ± 0.04^a	—	9.21 ± 0.09^b	10.26 ± 0.33^c	11.19 ± 0.04^d
SOD (U/mg protein)	48	7.29 ± 0.15^b	6.72 ± 0.21^a	8.59 ± 0.13^c	9.28 ± 0.05^d	9.90 ± 0.09^e
GPx (U/mg protein)	0	59.24 ± 0.11^a	—	72.96 ± 0.06^b	79.19 ± 2.53^c	83.54 ± 0.92^d
GPx (U/mg protein)	48	58.63 ± 0.86^b	50.82 ± 0.14^a	60.13 ± 1.01^b	66.69 ± 0.81^c	71.16 ± 1.33^d
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	0	0.11 ± 0.01^b	—	0.08 ± 0.02^a	0.08 ± 0.02^a	0.08 ± 0.01^a
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	48	0.11 ± 0.01^a	0.13 ± 0.02^b	0.11 ± 0.01^a	0.11 ± 0.03^a	0.11 ± 0.02^a

¹Survival rate (SR), total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO), respiratory burst (RB), phagocytic activity (PA), lysozyme activity (LA), prophenoloxidase (proPO), peroxinectin (PE), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). ²Mean ± standard deviation. ³Different letters in the same row indicate significantly different treatment effects (P < 0.05). The values shown are the mean and standard deviation. ⁴(-)/NC: no bacterial infection V. parahaemolyticus and; (+)/PC: bacterial infection V. parahaemolyticus; NC: negative control; PC: positive control. ⁵0 hours: prior challenge test and 48 hours: 48 hours postchallenge test.