Table 2.

Standardized data collection tools

SN	Variable	Tools	Literature	Total items and components	Reliability	Validity
1	Personal factors	General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE)	R Schwarzer and M Jerusalem [48]	10 items 4 scales, ranges between 10 and 40	α = 76 to 0.90	Strong structural validity
2	Situational factors:	Multi-dimensional scale for perceived social support Scale (MSPSS)	GD Zimet, NW Dahlem, SG Zimet and GK Farley [49]	12-item scale family (4), friends (4), significant other (4).	α = 0.86–0.93)	good construct validity
3	School Environment	The school environment scale (SES)	R Glaser, ML Van Horn, M Arthur, J Hawkins and R Catalano [50]	17 items: chances for pro-social participation (5), rewards for pro-social involvement (4), academic performance (2), commitment to school (6)	α = 0.70–0.76)	Strong construct validity
4	Community Environment	The community environment scale (CES)	M Gray and A Sanson [51]	Nine items related to a neighborhood environment	α = 0.84	Satisfactory construct validity
5	Subjective health literacy	HLS-CHILD-Q15	TM Bollweg, O Okan, P Pinheiro, J Bröder, D Bruland, AM Freţian, OM Domanska, S Jordan and U Bauer [52]	15-items, access, understand, and apply	α = 0.71 to 0.74	Significant
6.	Assessing health-promoting actions	Health-promoting actions questionnaire (HPAQ)	SN Walker, KR Sechrist and NJ Pender [53]	6 aspects; Self-actualization, health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal support stress management, and exercise.	0.92 and	Significant