FIG 5.

Differential and common gene expression patterns among the different rSARS-CoV with E protein PBM from virulent or attenuated β-hCoVs. (A) Venn diagram of genes differentially expressed at least 1.5-fold with an FDR <0.05 in the lungs of mice infected with the different rSARS-CoVs with the PBMs from the indicated hCoVs, compared to rSARS-CoV without the E protein PBM (PBM⁻), at 4 dpi. (B) Expression profile of the most frequently expressed genes due to the presence of a PBM from an attenuated or virulent hCoV. Analysis of the 15 genes with highest variation, due to the presence of E protein specific PBMs. The clustering of genes based on the biological process terms defined in Gene Ontology are shown. The six most relevant biological processes at 4 dpi into which the 15 commonly expressed genes are classified, have been listed. The values on the x axis indicate the −log₁₀ (P value) values obtained with the DAVID software. (C) Biological activity types into which the 70 genes that are differentially expressed in the lungs of rSARS-CoV-PBM-MERS-infected mice are grouped, compared to rSARS-CoVs without PBM or with PBMs from other hCoVs. The grouping of these genes into distinct sets is based on the biological processes defined in Gene Ontology. The six most relevant biological processes are described. A table with the fold change (FC) and the biological processes in which genes of the six most relevant biological processes are involved is provided. The names of the genes in red and green correspond to those that increase or decrease their expression, respectively.