TABLE 2.
Serum clinical variables measured using clinical chemistrya
| Variable | Reference range | LF group (n = 25) |
HF group(n = 39) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALT (U/L) | male < 50, female < 35 | 25.3 ± 11 | 54 ± 41.1 | <0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 15–45 | 23.5 ± 4.3 | 42.6 ± 35 | <0.001 |
| GGT(U/L) | <61 | 27.1 ± 17.2 | 53.8 ± 32.5 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | <5 | 5.2 ± 1.4 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 0.395 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | male > 1, female > 1.2 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.007 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | <3 | 3 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.282 |
| Trigly (mmol/L) | <1.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 2 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mmol/L)b | 4–6 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 6.1 ± 0.7 | 0.017 |
| Insulin (iU/L)b | 2–20 | 9.1 ± 9.0 | 19.4 ± 13.1 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IRb | IS < 1, early IR < 1.9, significant IR > 2.9 | 2.3 ± 2.2 | 5.4 ± 3.8 | <0.001 |
The data are presented as mean ± SD. LF < 5% fat, HF > 5% fat in liver. Bolded P values indicate statistically significant difference between the groups. The reference ranges are based on values obtained with standard methods in the accredited laboratory HUSLAB, Finland (www.huslab.fi/ohjekirja). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; Trigly, triglycerides; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; IS, insulin sensitive; IR, insulin resistance; LF, low fiver fat; HF, high liver fat.
LF n = 23, HF n = 32. The lower number of participants in OGTT is because it was not done for diabetic participants. HOMA-IR was calculated as fasting insulin (mU/L) x fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5.