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. 2022 Dec 20;14(1):e02865-22. doi: 10.1128/mbio.02865-22

FIG 5.

FIG 5

Stoichiometric crowding reduces both intermolecular distances and transport latency, resulting in increasingly productive ribosomes as growth rate increases. (A) As crowding and growth rate increase (x axes), ternary complexes become closer to their nearest ribosome (left y axis) and translation voxel viscosity increases (right y axis). Distance is reported as a surface-to-surface estimate. Viscosity is reported normalized to viscosity at a growth rate of 0.6 dbl/h. (B) Simulation results showing that transport latency (y axis) decreases with increased crowding and growth rate (x axes). (C) As crowding and growth rate increase (x axes), the average number of repeat reactions between ternary complexes and ribosomes decreases (left y axis), while the absolute number of mismatching ribosomes in a translation voxel first increases then decreases (right y axis). (D) Simulation results showing that reaction latency (y axis) first increases then decreases with increased crowding and growth rate (x axes). (E) Simulation results showing that the predicted absolute elongation latency decreases with increased crowding and growth rate (x axes). Experimentally measured per-ribosome elongation latency (solid line upon green area; replotting of Fig. 1) also speeds up with growth rate but is faster than predicted across all growth rates. The standard errors in the estimate of the mean for all model results (A to E) are shown (error bars).