Performance of fluoride detection systems – comparison with literature^a.

Source	Method	LOD [M]	Portable	In situ	Non-contaminating	Contaminant
Current article	OCP	2 × 10−4	Yes	Yes	Yes
Liu et al.16	I–V	10−11	Yes	Yes	Yes
Yan et al.8	DPV	8.3 × 10−10	Yes	Yes	No	Fe(CN)3−6
Minami et al.2	I–V	7 × 10−4	Yes	Yes	No	MES buffer with NaCl pH 5.5
Ćwik et al.11	CV, SWV	10−8	Yes	No	No	NaCl, MES buffer pH 4.0, Fe(CN)3−/4−6
Yue et al.5	SERS	10−8	No	No	No	PBS buffer

^aLOD, limit of detection; I–V, current–voltage characteristics; DPV, differential pulse voltammetry; CV, cyclic voltammetry; SWV, square wave voltammetry; SERS, surface-enhanced Raman scattering.