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. 2022 Oct 20;131(11):873–889. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.320056

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© 2022 The Authors.

Circulation Research is published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 2. — The effects of Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9) on collagen thinning and macrophage accumulation in vein graft lesions of Ldlr^-/- mice. A, Picrosirius red staining of vein grafts without (top) or with (bottom) polarized light (n=12 and 11 for AAV-LacZ and AAV-PCSK9 group, respectively). Scale bars indicate 500 μm. Circle graphs show the percentage of thin (green) and thick (red) collagen fibers compared with total fibers. B, Intravital microscopy images of MMPSense 680 (red) and AminoSPARK750 (green) in vein grafts for visualization of MMP activity and macrophage accumulation, respectively (n=10 and 9 for AAV-LacZ and AAV-PCSK9 group, respectively). C, Mac3 (macrophages) staining in vein grafts. Scale bars indicate 500 μm. P value was calculated by Mann-Whitney U-test (thick collagen in A, macrophage accumulation mean fluorescence intensity in B) and unpaired Student t test (C). Data are reported as mean ± SEM.