Table 4.

Independent Predictors of All‐Cause Death, All‐Cause Death or HF Readmission, and HF Readmission After Discharge

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
All‐cause death
High‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Low‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1.88 (1.09–3.24)	0.023	1.89 (1.07–3.33)	0.029
High‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	3.00 (1.82–4.94)	<0.001	2.51 (1.46–4.26)	<0.001
Low‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	4.16 (2.60–6.65)	<0.001	2.92 (1.73–4.92)	<0.001
All‐cause death or HF readmission
High‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Low‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1.40 (0.90–2.18)	0.132	1.47 (0.93–2.33)	0.102
High‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	2.22 (1.49–3.31)	<0.001	1.92 (1.25–2.94)	0.003
Low‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	2.94 (2.02–4.29)	<0.001	2.15 (1.41–3.28)	<0.001
HF readmission
High‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Low‐FEUN/low‐ePVS	1.21 (0.67–2.15)	0.527	1.29 (0.70–2.36)	0.410
High‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	1.85 (1.10–3.13)	0.021	1.58 (0.90–2.77)	0.112
Low‐FEUN/high‐ePVS	2.34 (1.43–3.83)	<0.001	1.79 (1.02–3.14)	0.043

Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed among groups adjusted for age, sex, the New York Heart Association functional classification, diabetes, BNP, left ventricular ejection fraction at discharge, BUN, creatinine, serum sodium, systolic blood pressure at discharge, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta‐blockers, and aldosterone antagonist. BNP indicates brain natriuretic peptide; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; ePVS, estimated plasma volume status; FEUN, fractional excretion of urea nitrogen; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.