Table 2.

Effect of Social Determinants of Health on Mortality or Survival, k=29 Studies

Social determinants of health	Increased risk	Decreased risk	No statistically significant association found
Black race	52, 59, 70	26, 27, 28, 63	…
Hispanic ethnicity	52, 59, 70	27, 63	…
Age	Older 42 , 43 , 46 , 51 Younger 70	…	28
Sex	70	43	28, 44
Education	Low 46	…	13, 27, 56, 59
Language	…	…	28
Insurance	…	Lack 42	13, 28, 32, 64
Married marital status	58	43	13, 65
Faith/spirituality	Lack 40	51	…
Neighborhood socioeconomic status	38	…	28, 40, 42
Access to cardiology	…	57	…