Table 2.
Factors Associated With the Country's Number of Publications and h‐Index Based on General Authorship Among African Countries
| Factors | Country's no. of publications | Country's h‐index | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted β coefficient (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted* β coefficient (95% CI) | P value | Unadjusted β coefficient (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted* β coefficient (95% CI) | P value | |
| Population | 22.98 (11.34 to 34.62) | <0.0001 | 37.85 (19.26 to 56.44) | <0.0001 | 0.54 (0.31 to 0.77) | <0.0001 | 0.63 (0.26 to 1.00) | 0.001 |
| GDP per capita | 0.09 (−0.09 to 0.28) | 0.319 | 0.002 (−0.002 to 0.005) | 0.386 | ||||
| HDI | 5396.31 (971.65 to 9820.97) | 0.018 | 4983.19 (−1477.64 to 11444.03) | 0.127 | 113.77 (23.16 to 20 4.37) | 0.015 | 152.01 (22.24 to 281.78) | 0.023 |
| Literacy rate, % | 15.35 (−11.43 to 42.12) | 0.255 | 0.49 (−0.05 to 1.02) | 0.074 | ||||
| No. of universities | 20.43 (4.34 to 36.53) | 0.014 | −21.91 (−45.97 to 2.16) | 0.73 | 0.57 (0.26 to 0.88) | 0.001 | −0.16 (−0.64 to 0.33) | 0.520 |
| No. of physicians | 0.96 (−0.03 to 1.95) | 0.056 | −0.17 (−1.45 to 1.12) | 0.792 | 0.02 (−0.003 to 0.038) | 0.098 | −0.001 (−0.027 to 0.025) | 0.922 |
| Health expenditure per capita | 2.18 (−0.61 to 4.96) | 0.122 | 0.05 (−0.01 to 0.10) | 0.111 | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease mortality | 8.45 (0.80 to 16.09) | 0.031 | 6.48 (−3.59 to 16.55) | 0.201 | 0.10 (−0.07 to 0.26) | 0.231 | −0.04 (−0.25 to 0.16) | 0.671 |
Number of publications and h‐index are based on general authorship. Cardiovascular disease mortality represents the number of deaths per 100 000 people. Number of physicians per 100 000 people. Population in millions of people. GDP indicates gross domestic product (per capita in US dollars); and HDI, human development index (health expenditure per capita in US dollars).
*
GDP per capital, literacy rate, and health expenditure per capita were not included in the multiple linear regression because of collinearity with HDI. Only HDI was included.