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. 2023 Feb 3;12(3):e028121. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.028121

Figure 1. Mechanotransduction is the key step in the pathophysiologic progression of pulmonary vascular disease in the setting of left heart failure.

Figure 1

The transition from isolated postcapillary pulmonary hypertension to combined pre−/postcapillary pulmonary hypertension is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and results in right heart failure. Cpc‐PH, combined pre−/postcapillary pulmonary hypertension; EC, endothelial cell; Ipc‐PH, isolated postcapillary pulmonary hypertension; mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; SMC, smooth muscle cell; and WSS, wall shear stress.