Table 4.
Proportional hazards model of racial and ethnic disparities in vaccination, with adjustment for mediators and confounders.
| Time to first dose HR (95% CI) |
Time to second dose HR (95% CI) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | Lower bound | Upper bound | HR | Lower bound | Upper bound | ||
| Race and Ethnicity (Ref: White) |
AAPI | 1.07 | 0.88 | 1.30 | 0.83 | 0.66 | 1.05 |
| Black | 1.15 | 0.96 | 1.37 | 1.03 | 0.85 | 1.24 | |
| Hispanic | 1.08 | 0.93 | 1.26 | 0.92 | 0.77 | 1.09 | |
| Other | 0.85 | 0.65 | 1.10 | 0.80 | 0.60 | 1.06 | |
| Social and Economic Conditions | Married (ref: No) |
1.14 | 1.03 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 1.08 | 1.36 |
| Education | 1.07 | 1.05 | 1.10 | 1.09 | 1.06 | 1.11 | |
| Household income | 1.05 | 1.03 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.05 | |
| Working status (ref: No) |
1.03 | 0.92 | 1.14 | 1.04 | 0.92 | 1.17 | |
| Chronic Health Conditions |
Number of chronic conditions | 1.07 | 1.03 | 1.11 | 1.09 | 1.06 | 1.13 |
| Psychological Factors |
Trust 1 | 1.37 | 1.23 | 1.52 | 1.52 | 1.36 | 1.70 |
| Trust 2 | 1.61 | 1.45 | 1.78 | 1.46 | 1.31 | 1.62 | |
| Perceived risk | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.08 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 1.02 | |
| Discrimination | 0.73 | 0.56 | 0.94 | 0.98 | 0.74 | 1.30 | |
| Confounders | Gender (Ref: male) |
1.11 | 1.01 | 1.22 | 1.15 | 1.04 | 1.27 |
| Age | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.03 | |
Note. Except the Hispanic group, all listed racial and ethnic groups are non-Hispanic. AAPI = Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. HR (95% CI) refers to hazard ratio and its 95% confidence interval. Chronic health conditions include disability, asthma, autoimmune disease, cancer, COPD, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, kidney disease, mental disorder, and obesity. Trust1 refers to trust in the vaccine development process and trust2 refers to trust in vaccine approval process. Significant results are in bold.