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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022 Nov 29;94(3):385–391. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000003844

Table 3:

Mixed effects logistic regression of odds of progression to withdrawal of life sustaining support for 39,198 matched pairs

Variable OR (95% CI) p-value

Age 1.02 1.01–1.02 <0.001

Male sex 1.43 1.36–1.56 <0.001

Blunt mechanism of injury 0.54 0.45–0.66 <0.001

White, non-Hispanic race 1.09 0.98–1.22 0.095

Comorbidities
Dementia 1.05 0.97–1.13 0.154
CHF 1.29 1.18–1.42 <0.001
COPD 1.30 1.19–1.41 <0.001
Disseminated cancer 1.79 1.51–2.13 <0.001
ESRD 1.51 1.31–1.75 <0.001
Cirrhosis 1.84 1.47–2.32 <0.001

Injury Severity Score (relative to score 1–9)
10–15 2.08 1.89–2.29 <0.001
16–24 4.62 4.1805.12 <0.001
25+ 23.84 21.57–26.36 <0.001

Unplanned return to OR 1.13 0.76–1.68 0.522

Unplanned ICU admission 3.29 2.89–3.75 <0.001

Advance directive limiting care 2.38 2.22–2.55 <0.001

In hospital cardiac arrest 4.97 4.02–6.15 <0.001