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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Patient Saf. 2023 Jan 7;19(2):59–66. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000001092

Table 5. – Cross cutting themes.

Frequency = Number of near misses with term / total number of near misses (=1,458)

item N Frequency
Delayed treatment 1,012 69%
ED boarding/crowding 997 68%
Other 247 17%
Documentation issue 238 16%
Medication Administration Error (wrong dose/ medication/ route/ order/ patient) 80 5%
Psychiatric 32 2%
Delay 22 2%
Failure to monitor 21 1%
Delayed diagnosis 20 1%
Radiology 19 1%
Opioids 18 1%
Lab services 13 1%
Wrong exam/ patient/ result/ test 12 1%
Fall/ fall risk 11 1%
Inter-/ intra-departmental communication issue 11 1%
Malposition 10 1%
Blood bank 9 1%
Gastrointestinal 9 1%
Specimen-related issue 8 1%
Allergic reaction 7 0%
Cardiac 7 0%
Pharmacy 6 0%
Benzodiazepines 5 0%
Hypotension 5 0%
Intubation/ airway 5 0%
Language barrier/interpreter services 5 0%
Neurological 5 0%
Procedural 5 0%
Test/lab result 5 0%
Vascular 5 0%
Bleeding 4 0%
Genitourinary 4 0%
Hypoxia 4 0%
Malfunction/ migration/ occlusion 4 0%
Orthopedic 4 0%
Propofol 4 0%
Wrong patient/site/procedure 4 0%
Self injury 3 0%
Transfusion reaction 3 0%
Cascading event 2 0%
Delirium, confusion, oversedation, mental status 2 0%
Electrolyte abnormality 2 0%
Glycemic event 2 0%
Infiltration/extravasation 2 0%
Iv contrast 2 0%
Pulmonary 2 0%
Sending institution failure to communicate 2 0%
Angioedema 1 0%
Confusion 1 0%
Delay in ordering (consultation, lab, imaging) 1 0%
Dysrhythmia 1 0%
Otolaryngology 1 0%
Nausea and vomiting 1 0%
Outpatient coordination or communication issue 1 0%
Over-anticoagulation 1 0%
Sepsis 1 0%
Skilled Nursing Facility/ Home Health / Nursing Home 1 0%