FIGURE 1.

Estimated power when n_G G-only effects are present (n_G ∈ {10, 20, 40, 80}) that each explain $R_G^2\times 100\text{\%}$ of the variation. RB-Weighted: Rank-based weighted hypothesis testing using with initial bin size B₀ in Step 1; SB-Weighted: Significance-based weighted hypothesis testing using $\tau =\left(0,B_0/25000,3B_0/25000,\dots ,1\right)$ as the p-value cutoffs in Step 1. Bonferroni: Standard Bonferroni correction within bin; simpleM: The simpleM procedure proposed by Gao et al. (2008) with C = 0.995. Results are averaged over 5,000 simulations. Panel A:$R_{G_{25}}^2=R_{G_{25}\times E}^2=R_G^2=0.01$, $R_E^2=0.005$, N = 2, 000; Panel B:$R_{G_{25}}^2=R_{G_{25}\times E}^2=R_G^2=0.005$, $R_E^2=0.0025$,$N=4,000$.