Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2023 Apr 1;92(4):273–280. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003137

Table 2:

Estimated hazard ratios from a multivariate multi-state model, aHR (95% CI)

Sex Age at ART initiation (years) Year of ART start Immune status VL ART regimen
Girls 1–2 2–5 2010–2012 2013–2020 SIS at ART start VL≥1000 VL missing PI
reference Boys 0–1 2007–2009 not SIS at ART start VL<1000 copies/ml NNRTI
Early Gap to
SIS 1.1 (0.62–1.95) 0.92 (0.44–1.91) 1.15 (0.52–2.55) 1.05 (0.47–2.36) 1.91 (0.92–4) 2.14 (0.97–4.72) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 2.65 (0.91–7.72)
Stable 0.68 (0.42–1.11) 1.07 (0.58–1.97) 1.31 (0.66–2.61) 0.73 (0.42–1.27) 0.56 (0.31–1.04) 0.42 (0.26–0.67) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 1.29 (0.62–2.68)
Death 0.04 (0–1821.61) 0.09 (0–662.34) 0.1 (0–18786.88) 0.05 (0–502) 0.05 (0–931.72) 4.97 (0–887192.56) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 4.6 (0–2268559504.22)
SIS on ART to
Stable 1.16 (1–1.35) 0.8 (0.66–0.96) 0.84 (0.68–1.05) 0.62 (0.52–0.75) 0.75 (0.62–0.9) 0.89 (0.71–1.12) 0.78 (0.66–0.91) 0.92 (0.67–1.27) 1.08 (0.81–1.44)
Late Gap 1.25 (0.9–1.73) 1.19 (0.8–1.77) 1.09 (0.67–1.76) 1.18 (0.8–1.73) 1.25 (0.84–1.86) 0.72 (0.45–1.14) 1.13 (0.81–1.59) 1.96 (1.04–3.69) 1.27 (0.67–2.39)
Death 0.93 (0.34–2.59) 0.76 (0.24–2.39) 0 (0–123636880599010000) 0.48 (0.13–1.8) 0.59 (0.18–1.95) 1.23 (0.16–9.29) 5.88 (1.65–20.97) 0.15 (0–1370.66) 28.39 (0–51338765061.68)
Stable on ART to
SIS 0.81 (0.61–1.06) 0.74 (0.52–1.05) 0.55 (0.36–0.86) 0.75 (0.54–1.02) 0.55 (0.38–0.81) 1.71 (1.21–2.41) 2.08 (1.53–2.83) 3.12 (1.81–5.36) 1.2 (0.7–2.05)
Late Gap 1.05 (0.95–1.16) 1.02 (0.89–1.16) 1 (0.86–1.16) 1.24 (1.1–1.39) 1.03 (0.9–1.18) 1.07 (0.96–1.2) 0.96 (0.83–1.1) 1.69 (1.33–2.15) 1.18 (0.99–1.4)
Death 0.97 (0.34–2.78) 1.39 (0.46–4.17) 0 (0–266432932453167) 0.97 (0.27–3.49) 1.13 (0.31–4.1) 0.94 (0.29–3.03) 5.09 (1.63–15.93) 7.33 (1.44–37.16) 36.76 (0–1941653017356.1)
Late Gap to
SIS 0.45 (0.19–1.09) 0.73 (0.26–2.01) 0.87 (0.31–2.42) 0.87 (0.37–2.04) 1.18 (0.43–3.26) 1.65 (0.58–4.68) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 1.13 (0.32–3.94)
Stable 1.54 (1.08–2.2) 0.72 (0.47–1.09) 0.3 (0.15–0.62) 0.59 (0.39–0.89) 0.72 (0.46–1.15) 0.9 (0.62–1.31) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 1.41 (0.55–3.58)
Death 0.01 (0–42220.15) 2.66 (0.16–45.02) 0.07 (0–19356.71) 24.41 (0–120974.53) 36.97 (0.01–183950.65) 34.34 (0–9858840.11) 1 (1–1) 1 (1–1) 3.99 (0–5523301.08)

Bold indicates the confidence interval does not include the null

ART: Antiretroviral treatment

SIS: Severe immune suppression

SIS on ART: SIS after ART start

Stable on ART: Not SIS after ART start

Gap in care: no recorded visit for ≥9 months

Early Gap: gap in care commencing ≤9 months from ART start

Late Gap: gap in care commencing >9 months from ART start

NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

PI: protease inhibitor

VL: viral load