Table 1.
Multivariable models predicting all-cause mortality, clinical progression, Clavien-Dindo grade ≥2 complications, and 12-mo eGFR after radical nephrectomy among 1184 patients diagnosed with a cT1–3a cN0 cM0 renal mass
| Predictor | Cox regression analysis |
Logistic regression analysis |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortality |
Clinical progression a |
CD grade≥ complications |
12-mo eGFR |
|||||
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | EST (95% CI) | p value | |
| Surgical experience | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.3 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.3 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.1 | 0.002 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.9 |
| Age at diagnosis | 1.05 (1.04–1.07) | <0.001 | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.01 | 1.01 (1.00–1.03) | 0.2 | −0.5 (−0.7 to −0.3) | <0.001 |
| CCI | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.9–1.2) | 0.5 | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | <0.001 | 1.6 (−0.2 to 3.4) | 0.08 |
| Preoperative eGFR | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.5 | 1.0 (0.99–1.01) | 0.9 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.7 | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) | <0.001 |
| Pathologic size | 1.1(1.05–1.13) | <0.001 | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) | <0.001 | 0.9 (0.9–1.02) | 0.2 | −0.7 (−1.5 to −0.08) | 0.08 |
| Tumour stage | ||||||||
| pT1–2 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| pT3–T4 | 1.4 (1.01–1.8) | 0.04 | 2.5 (1.8–3.5) | <0.001 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.3 | 1.6 (−3.1 to 6.4) | 0.5 |
| pTx | 0.4 (0.1–1.7) | 0.2 | – | – | 2.3 (0.2–55) | 0.5 | 6.9 (−23 to 37) | 0.6 |
| Tumour grade | ||||||||
| Grade 1–2 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Grade 3–4 | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.7–3.3) | <0.001 | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) | 0.2 | −1.6 (−6.6 to 3.4) | 0.5 |
| Grade x | 1.9 (0.5–8.0) | 0.3 | 0.6 (0.1–2.3) | 0.5 | 0.5 (0.02–4.6) | 0.8 | 0.4(−27 to 28) | 0.9 |
| Nodal stage | ||||||||
| pN0 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| pN1 | 1.9 (1.01–3.5) | 0.04 | 2.4 (1.3–4.6) | <0.01 | 1.5 (0.5–4.1) | 0.4 | −2.2 (−6.8 to 2.4) | 0.3 |
| pNx | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.5 | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 0.2 | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 0.4 | −0.5(−20 to 19) | 0.9 |
| Surgical approach | ||||||||
| Open surgery | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| MIS | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 0.6 | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 0.6 | 0.4 (0.2–0.7) | <0.001 | 3.4 (−2.1 to 8.8) | 0.2 |
| Year of surgery | 0.95 (0.93–0.97) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.3 | 1.05 (1.02–1.07) | <0.001 | −0.2 (−0.6 to 0.2) | 0.2 |
CCI = Charlson comorbidity index, eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; CD = Clavien-Dindo; HR = hazard ratio; OR = odds ratio; EST = estimate; CI = confidence interval; MIS = minimally invasive surgery.
a
Clinical progression was investigated in a subcohort of 1097 patients with confirmed renal cell carcinoma at final pathology.