Table 2.

Characteristics of family functioning in participants.

Item	Cut-off scores	Pregnant females (n = 226)			Partners (n = 166)
		Mean ± SD	t	P1 valuea	Mean ± SD	t	P2 valuea
FAD-PS	2.20	1.89 ± 0.40	−11.448	<0.001	2.00 ± 0.39	−6.396	<0.001
FAD-CM	2.20	1.99 ± 0.43	−7.438	<0.001	2.11 ± 0.43	−2.673	0.008
FAD-RL	2.30	2.02 ± 0.36	−11.662	<0.001	2.16 ± 0.34	−5.327	<0.001
FAD-AR	2.20	2.01 ± 0.48	−5.888	<0.001	2.06 ± 0.42	−4.370	<0.001
FAD-AI	2.10	2.02 ± 0.44	−2.714	0.007	2.08 ± 0.48	−0.516	0.607
FAD-BC	1.90	2.21 ± 0.27	17.249	<0.001	2.19 ± 0.32	11.576	<0.001
FAD-GF	2.00	1.76 ± 0.44	−8.255	<0.001	1.84 ± 0.39	−5.214	<0.001

Bold values indicate statistical significance; ^aOne-Sample t-test. P₁ value: differences between subscale scores of FAD and cut-off scores in pregnant women; P₂ value: differences between subscale scores of FAD and cut-off scores in partners.

SD, Standard Deviation; FAD, Family Assessment Device; PS, Problem Solving; CM, Communication; RL, Roles; AR, Affective Responsiveness; AI, Affective Involvement; BC, Behavior Control; GF, General Functioning.